Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy

Julie Latomme; Greet Cardon; Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij; Violeta Iotova; Berthold Koletzko; Piotr Socha; Luis Moreno; Odysseas Androutsos; Yannis Manios; Marieke De Craemer; Mai Chin A. Paw; Carolyn Summerbell; Tim Lobstein; Lieven Annemans; Goof Buijs; John Reilly; Boyd Swinburn; Dianne Ward; Eva Grammatikaki; Christina Katsarou; Eftychia Apostolidou; Eirini Efstathopoulou; Kristin Duvinage; Sabine Ibrügger; Angelika Strauß; Birgit Herbert; Julia Birnbaum; Annette Payr; Christine Geyer; Ellen De Decker; Stefaan De Henauw; Lea Maes; Carine Vereecken; Jo Van Assche; Lore Pil; Saskia Te Velde; Theodora Mouratidou; Juan Fernandez; Maribel Mesana; Pilar De Miguel-Etayo; Esther González; Luis Gracia-Marco; Beatriz Oves; Agneta Yngve; Susanna Kugelberg; Christel Lynch; Annhild Mosdøl; Bente B. Nilsen; Helen Moore; Wayne Douthwaite; Catherine Nixon; Susanne Kreichauf; Andreas Wildgruber; Zbigniew Kulaga; Kamila Zych; Magdalena Góźdź; Beata Gurzkowska; Katarzyna Szott; Mina Lateva; Natalya Usheva; Sonya Galcheva; Vanya Marinova; Zhaneta Radkova; Nevyana Feschieva; Andrea Aikenhead; Annemiek Dorgelo; Aviva Nethe; Jan Jansen; Otto Gmeiner; Jutta Retterath; Julia Wildeis; Axel Günthersberger; Leigh Gibson; Claus Voegele

doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172730

Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy

Julie Latomme, Greet Cardon, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Violeta Iotova, Berthold Koletzko, Piotr Socha, Luis Moreno, Odysseas Androutsos, Yannis Manios, Marieke De Craemer, Mai Chin A. Paw, Carolyn Summerbell, Tim Lobstein, Lieven Annemans, Goof Buijs, John Reilly, Boyd Swinburn, Dianne Ward, Eva Grammatikaki, Christina KatsarouEftychia Apostolidou, Eirini Efstathopoulou, Kristin Duvinage, Sabine Ibrügger, Angelika Strauß, Birgit Herbert, Julia Birnbaum, Annette Payr, Christine Geyer, Ellen De Decker, Stefaan De Henauw, Lea Maes, Carine Vereecken, Jo Van Assche, Lore Pil, Saskia Te Velde, Theodora Mouratidou, Juan Fernandez, Maribel Mesana, Pilar De Miguel-Etayo, Esther González, Luis Gracia-Marco, Beatriz Oves, Agneta Yngve, Susanna Kugelberg, Christel Lynch, Annhild Mosdøl, Bente B. Nilsen, Helen Moore, Wayne Douthwaite, Catherine Nixon, Susanne Kreichauf, Andreas Wildgruber, Zbigniew Kulaga, Kamila Zych, Magdalena Góźdź, Beata Gurzkowska, Katarzyna Szott, Mina Lateva, Natalya Usheva, Sonya Galcheva, Vanya Marinova, Zhaneta Radkova, Nevyana Feschieva, Andrea Aikenhead, Annemiek Dorgelo, Aviva Nethe, Jan Jansen, Otto Gmeiner, Jutta Retterath, Julia Wildeis, Axel Günthersberger, Leigh Gibson, Claus Voegele

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

15 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present study evaluated the effect and process of the ToyBox-intervention on proxy-reported sedentary behaviours in 4- to 6-year-old preschoolers from six European countries. Methods: In total, 2434 preschoolers' parents/primary caregivers (mean age: 4.7±0.4 years, 52.2% boys) filled out a questionnaire, assessing preschoolers' sedentary behaviours (TV/DVD/video viewing, computer/video games use and quiet play) on weekdays and weekend days. Multilevel repeated measures analyses were conducted to measure the intervention effects. Additionally, process evaluation data were included to better understand the intervention effects. Results: Positive intervention effects were found for computer/video games use. In the total sample, the intervention group showed a smaller increase in computer/video games use on weekdays (β =-3.40, p = 0.06; intervention: +5.48 min/day, control: +8.89 min/day) and on weekend days (β =-5.97, p = 0.05; intervention: +9.46 min/day, control: +15.43 min/day) from baseline to follow-up, compared to the control group. Country-specific analyses showed similar effects in Belgium and Bulgaria, while no significant intervention effects were found in the other countries. Process evaluation data showed relatively low teachers' and low parents' process evaluation scores for the sedentary behaviour component of the intervention (mean: 15.6/24, range: 2.5-23.5 and mean: 8.7/17, range: 0-17, respectively). Higher parents' process evaluation scores were related to a larger intervention effect, but higher teachers' process evaluation scores were not. ConclusionsL The ToyBox-intervention had a small, positive effect on European preschoolers' computer/video games use on both weekdays and weekend days, but not on TV/DVD/video viewing or quiet play. The lack of larger effects can possibly be due to the fact that parents were only passively involved in the intervention and to the fact that the intervention was too demanding for the teachers. Future interventions targeting preschoolers' behaviours should involve parents more actively in both the development and the implementation of the intervention and, when involving schools, less demanding activities for teachers should be developed.

Original language	English
Article number	e0172730
Journal	PLOS ONE
Volume	12
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172730
Publication status	Published - 1 Apr 2017

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Latomme, J., Cardon, G., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Iotova, V., Koletzko, B., Socha, P., Moreno, L., Androutsos, O., Manios, Y., De Craemer, M., Paw, M. C. A., Summerbell, C., Lobstein, T., Annemans, L., Buijs, G., Reilly, J., Swinburn, B., Ward, D., Grammatikaki, E., ... Voegele, C. (2017). Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy. PLOS ONE, 12(4), Article e0172730. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172730

@article{877c627b9d1345dc94df80622ae842c2,

title = "Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy",

abstract = "Background: The aim of the present study evaluated the effect and process of the ToyBox-intervention on proxy-reported sedentary behaviours in 4- to 6-year-old preschoolers from six European countries. Methods: In total, 2434 preschoolers' parents/primary caregivers (mean age: 4.7±0.4 years, 52.2% boys) filled out a questionnaire, assessing preschoolers' sedentary behaviours (TV/DVD/video viewing, computer/video games use and quiet play) on weekdays and weekend days. Multilevel repeated measures analyses were conducted to measure the intervention effects. Additionally, process evaluation data were included to better understand the intervention effects. Results: Positive intervention effects were found for computer/video games use. In the total sample, the intervention group showed a smaller increase in computer/video games use on weekdays (β =-3.40, p = 0.06; intervention: +5.48 min/day, control: +8.89 min/day) and on weekend days (β =-5.97, p = 0.05; intervention: +9.46 min/day, control: +15.43 min/day) from baseline to follow-up, compared to the control group. Country-specific analyses showed similar effects in Belgium and Bulgaria, while no significant intervention effects were found in the other countries. Process evaluation data showed relatively low teachers' and low parents' process evaluation scores for the sedentary behaviour component of the intervention (mean: 15.6/24, range: 2.5-23.5 and mean: 8.7/17, range: 0-17, respectively). Higher parents' process evaluation scores were related to a larger intervention effect, but higher teachers' process evaluation scores were not. ConclusionsL The ToyBox-intervention had a small, positive effect on European preschoolers' computer/video games use on both weekdays and weekend days, but not on TV/DVD/video viewing or quiet play. The lack of larger effects can possibly be due to the fact that parents were only passively involved in the intervention and to the fact that the intervention was too demanding for the teachers. Future interventions targeting preschoolers' behaviours should involve parents more actively in both the development and the implementation of the intervention and, when involving schools, less demanding activities for teachers should be developed.",

author = "Julie Latomme and Greet Cardon and {De Bourdeaudhuij}, Ilse and Violeta Iotova and Berthold Koletzko and Piotr Socha and Luis Moreno and Odysseas Androutsos and Yannis Manios and {De Craemer}, Marieke and Paw, {Mai Chin A.} and Carolyn Summerbell and Tim Lobstein and Lieven Annemans and Goof Buijs and John Reilly and Boyd Swinburn and Dianne Ward and Eva Grammatikaki and Christina Katsarou and Eftychia Apostolidou and Eirini Efstathopoulou and Kristin Duvinage and Sabine Ibr{\"u}gger and Angelika Strau{\ss} and Birgit Herbert and Julia Birnbaum and Annette Payr and Christine Geyer and {De Decker}, Ellen and {De Henauw}, Stefaan and Lea Maes and Carine Vereecken and {Van Assche}, Jo and Lore Pil and {Te Velde}, Saskia and Theodora Mouratidou and Juan Fernandez and Maribel Mesana and {De Miguel-Etayo}, Pilar and Esther Gonz{\'a}lez and Luis Gracia-Marco and Beatriz Oves and Agneta Yngve and Susanna Kugelberg and Christel Lynch and Annhild Mosd{\o}l and Nilsen, {Bente B.} and Helen Moore and Wayne Douthwaite and Catherine Nixon and Susanne Kreichauf and Andreas Wildgruber and Zbigniew Kulaga and Kamila Zych and Magdalena G{\'o}{\'z}d{\'z} and Beata Gurzkowska and Katarzyna Szott and Mina Lateva and Natalya Usheva and Sonya Galcheva and Vanya Marinova and Zhaneta Radkova and Nevyana Feschieva and Andrea Aikenhead and Annemiek Dorgelo and Aviva Nethe and Jan Jansen and Otto Gmeiner and Jutta Retterath and Julia Wildeis and Axel G{\"u}nthersberger and Leigh Gibson and Claus Voegele",

year = "2017",

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doi = "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172730",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

journal = "PLOS ONE",

issn = "1932-6203",

publisher = "Public Library of Science",

number = "4",

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Latomme, J, Cardon, G, De Bourdeaudhuij, I, Iotova, V, Koletzko, B, Socha, P, Moreno, L, Androutsos, O, Manios, Y, De Craemer, M, Paw, MCA, Summerbell, C, Lobstein, T, Annemans, L, Buijs, G, Reilly, J, Swinburn, B, Ward, D, Grammatikaki, E, Katsarou, C, Apostolidou, E, Efstathopoulou, E, Duvinage, K, Ibrügger, S, Strauß, A, Herbert, B, Birnbaum, J, Payr, A, Geyer, C, De Decker, E, De Henauw, S, Maes, L, Vereecken, C, Van Assche, J, Pil, L, Te Velde, S, Mouratidou, T, Fernandez, J, Mesana, M, De Miguel-Etayo, P, González, E, Gracia-Marco, L, Oves, B, Yngve, A, Kugelberg, S, Lynch, C, Mosdøl, A, Nilsen, BB, Moore, H, Douthwaite, W, Nixon, C, Kreichauf, S, Wildgruber, A, Kulaga, Z, Zych, K, Góźdź, M, Gurzkowska, B, Szott, K, Lateva, M, Usheva, N, Galcheva, S, Marinova, V, Radkova, Z, Feschieva, N, Aikenhead, A, Dorgelo, A, Nethe, A, Jansen, J, Gmeiner, O, Retterath, J, Wildeis, J, Günthersberger, A, Gibson, L & Voegele, C 2017, 'Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy', PLOS ONE, vol. 12, no. 4, e0172730. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172730

Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy. / Latomme, Julie; Cardon, Greet; De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse et al.
In: PLOS ONE, Vol. 12, No. 4, e0172730, 01.04.2017.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children

T2 - The ToyBoxstudy

AU - Latomme, Julie

AU - Cardon, Greet

AU - De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse

AU - Iotova, Violeta

AU - Koletzko, Berthold

AU - Socha, Piotr

AU - Moreno, Luis

AU - Androutsos, Odysseas

AU - Manios, Yannis

AU - De Craemer, Marieke

AU - Paw, Mai Chin A.

AU - Summerbell, Carolyn

AU - Lobstein, Tim

AU - Annemans, Lieven

AU - Buijs, Goof

AU - Reilly, John

AU - Swinburn, Boyd

AU - Ward, Dianne

AU - Grammatikaki, Eva

AU - Katsarou, Christina

AU - Apostolidou, Eftychia

AU - Efstathopoulou, Eirini

AU - Duvinage, Kristin

AU - Ibrügger, Sabine

AU - Strauß, Angelika

AU - Herbert, Birgit

AU - Birnbaum, Julia

AU - Payr, Annette

AU - Geyer, Christine

AU - De Decker, Ellen

AU - De Henauw, Stefaan

AU - Maes, Lea

AU - Vereecken, Carine

AU - Van Assche, Jo

AU - Pil, Lore

AU - Te Velde, Saskia

AU - Mouratidou, Theodora

AU - Fernandez, Juan

AU - Mesana, Maribel

AU - De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar

AU - González, Esther

AU - Gracia-Marco, Luis

AU - Oves, Beatriz

AU - Yngve, Agneta

AU - Kugelberg, Susanna

AU - Lynch, Christel

AU - Mosdøl, Annhild

AU - Nilsen, Bente B.

AU - Moore, Helen

AU - Douthwaite, Wayne

AU - Nixon, Catherine

AU - Kreichauf, Susanne

AU - Wildgruber, Andreas

AU - Kulaga, Zbigniew

AU - Zych, Kamila

AU - Góźdź, Magdalena

AU - Gurzkowska, Beata

AU - Szott, Katarzyna

AU - Lateva, Mina

AU - Usheva, Natalya

AU - Galcheva, Sonya

AU - Marinova, Vanya

AU - Radkova, Zhaneta

AU - Feschieva, Nevyana

AU - Aikenhead, Andrea

AU - Dorgelo, Annemiek

AU - Nethe, Aviva

AU - Jansen, Jan

AU - Gmeiner, Otto

AU - Retterath, Jutta

AU - Wildeis, Julia

AU - Günthersberger, Axel

AU - Gibson, Leigh

AU - Voegele, Claus

PY - 2017/4/1

Y1 - 2017/4/1

N2 - Background: The aim of the present study evaluated the effect and process of the ToyBox-intervention on proxy-reported sedentary behaviours in 4- to 6-year-old preschoolers from six European countries. Methods: In total, 2434 preschoolers' parents/primary caregivers (mean age: 4.7±0.4 years, 52.2% boys) filled out a questionnaire, assessing preschoolers' sedentary behaviours (TV/DVD/video viewing, computer/video games use and quiet play) on weekdays and weekend days. Multilevel repeated measures analyses were conducted to measure the intervention effects. Additionally, process evaluation data were included to better understand the intervention effects. Results: Positive intervention effects were found for computer/video games use. In the total sample, the intervention group showed a smaller increase in computer/video games use on weekdays (β =-3.40, p = 0.06; intervention: +5.48 min/day, control: +8.89 min/day) and on weekend days (β =-5.97, p = 0.05; intervention: +9.46 min/day, control: +15.43 min/day) from baseline to follow-up, compared to the control group. Country-specific analyses showed similar effects in Belgium and Bulgaria, while no significant intervention effects were found in the other countries. Process evaluation data showed relatively low teachers' and low parents' process evaluation scores for the sedentary behaviour component of the intervention (mean: 15.6/24, range: 2.5-23.5 and mean: 8.7/17, range: 0-17, respectively). Higher parents' process evaluation scores were related to a larger intervention effect, but higher teachers' process evaluation scores were not. ConclusionsL The ToyBox-intervention had a small, positive effect on European preschoolers' computer/video games use on both weekdays and weekend days, but not on TV/DVD/video viewing or quiet play. The lack of larger effects can possibly be due to the fact that parents were only passively involved in the intervention and to the fact that the intervention was too demanding for the teachers. Future interventions targeting preschoolers' behaviours should involve parents more actively in both the development and the implementation of the intervention and, when involving schools, less demanding activities for teachers should be developed.

AB - Background: The aim of the present study evaluated the effect and process of the ToyBox-intervention on proxy-reported sedentary behaviours in 4- to 6-year-old preschoolers from six European countries. Methods: In total, 2434 preschoolers' parents/primary caregivers (mean age: 4.7±0.4 years, 52.2% boys) filled out a questionnaire, assessing preschoolers' sedentary behaviours (TV/DVD/video viewing, computer/video games use and quiet play) on weekdays and weekend days. Multilevel repeated measures analyses were conducted to measure the intervention effects. Additionally, process evaluation data were included to better understand the intervention effects. Results: Positive intervention effects were found for computer/video games use. In the total sample, the intervention group showed a smaller increase in computer/video games use on weekdays (β =-3.40, p = 0.06; intervention: +5.48 min/day, control: +8.89 min/day) and on weekend days (β =-5.97, p = 0.05; intervention: +9.46 min/day, control: +15.43 min/day) from baseline to follow-up, compared to the control group. Country-specific analyses showed similar effects in Belgium and Bulgaria, while no significant intervention effects were found in the other countries. Process evaluation data showed relatively low teachers' and low parents' process evaluation scores for the sedentary behaviour component of the intervention (mean: 15.6/24, range: 2.5-23.5 and mean: 8.7/17, range: 0-17, respectively). Higher parents' process evaluation scores were related to a larger intervention effect, but higher teachers' process evaluation scores were not. ConclusionsL The ToyBox-intervention had a small, positive effect on European preschoolers' computer/video games use on both weekdays and weekend days, but not on TV/DVD/video viewing or quiet play. The lack of larger effects can possibly be due to the fact that parents were only passively involved in the intervention and to the fact that the intervention was too demanding for the teachers. Future interventions targeting preschoolers' behaviours should involve parents more actively in both the development and the implementation of the intervention and, when involving schools, less demanding activities for teachers should be developed.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85016988759&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172730

DO - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172730

M3 - Article

C2 - 28380053

SN - 1932-6203

VL - 12

JO - PLOS ONE

JF - PLOS ONE

IS - 4

M1 - e0172730

ER -

Latomme J, Cardon G, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Iotova V, Koletzko B, Socha P et al. Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy. PLOS ONE. 2017 Apr 1;12(4):e0172730. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172730

Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy

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