TY - JOUR
T1 - Elevated leptin levels in subjects with familial combined hyperlipidemia are associated with the increased risk for CVD
AU - Van Der Vleuten, Gerly M.
AU - Veerkamp, Mario J.
AU - Van Tits, Lambertus J.H.
AU - Toenhake, Helga
AU - Den Heijer, Martin
AU - Stalenhoef, Anton F.H.
AU - De Graaf, Jacqueline
PY - 2005/12
Y1 - 2005/12
N2 - Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is characterized by hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia and is associated with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Other features of FCH are obesity and insulin resistance. Serum leptin levels have been associated with obesity, insulin resistance and CVD. The aim of this study was to determine whether increased leptin levels contribute to the FCH phenotype and its increased risk for CVD. The study population comprised 644 subjects, including 158 FCH patients. Leptin levels were determined, using a commercially available ELISA. For both males and females, the mean leptin level (ng/ml) was higher in FCH patients compared to normolipidemic relatives and spouses. However, after standardization for BMI and insulin resistance, these differences disappeared. The 90th percentile of the leptin level, standardized for BMI, insulin resistance and gender, was associated with an increased risk for CVD in FCH patients (odds ratio = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.1-8.0) and in non-FCH subjects (odds ratio = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.3-9.0). The overall increased risk for CVD, associated with a leptin level >90th percentile, was 3.3 (95% CI = 1.7-6.4). We conclude that in patients with FCH, leptin levels are increased in proportion to their higher BMI and the presence of insulin resistance. These increased leptin levels are associated with an increased risk for CVD both in FCH patients and non-FCH subjects, independent of BMI, insulin resistance and gender.
AB - Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is characterized by hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia and is associated with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Other features of FCH are obesity and insulin resistance. Serum leptin levels have been associated with obesity, insulin resistance and CVD. The aim of this study was to determine whether increased leptin levels contribute to the FCH phenotype and its increased risk for CVD. The study population comprised 644 subjects, including 158 FCH patients. Leptin levels were determined, using a commercially available ELISA. For both males and females, the mean leptin level (ng/ml) was higher in FCH patients compared to normolipidemic relatives and spouses. However, after standardization for BMI and insulin resistance, these differences disappeared. The 90th percentile of the leptin level, standardized for BMI, insulin resistance and gender, was associated with an increased risk for CVD in FCH patients (odds ratio = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.1-8.0) and in non-FCH subjects (odds ratio = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.3-9.0). The overall increased risk for CVD, associated with a leptin level >90th percentile, was 3.3 (95% CI = 1.7-6.4). We conclude that in patients with FCH, leptin levels are increased in proportion to their higher BMI and the presence of insulin resistance. These increased leptin levels are associated with an increased risk for CVD both in FCH patients and non-FCH subjects, independent of BMI, insulin resistance and gender.
KW - CVD
KW - FCH
KW - Insulin resistance
KW - Leptin
KW - Obesity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=27644475296&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.03.019
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.03.019
M3 - Article
C2 - 16285998
SN - 0021-9150
VL - 183
SP - 355
EP - 360
JO - Atherosclerosis
JF - Atherosclerosis
IS - 2
ER -