TY - JOUR
T1 - Euthanasia through living organ donation
T2 - Ethical, legal, and medical challenges
AU - Bollen, Jan A.M.
AU - Shaw, David
AU - de Wert, Guido
AU - ten Hoopen, Rankie
AU - Ysebaert, Dirk
AU - van Heurn, Ernst
AU - van Mook, Walther N.K.A.
PY - 2019/2
Y1 - 2019/2
N2 - Euthanasia is categorically prohibited in almost all countries throughout the world. In Belgium and the Netherlands, combining euthanasia and subsequent organ donation in a so-called donation after circulatory-death (DCD) procedure is feasible on legal and medical grounds, and is increasingly gaining social and ethical acceptance. However, heart transplantation after DCD is currently not performed in Belgium and the Netherlands after euthanasia due to concerns surrounding the prolonged warm ischemia time associated with DCD and its effect on subsequent heart function. A number of patients who undergo euthanasia explicitly express their wish to donate their organs in a “living organ donation” procedure, which then causes death. Assuming that euthanasia is permitted, as expressed in Dutch and Belgian legislation, this exploratory article addresses whether it is legally and ethically sound to donate organs, especially the heart, as a living donor and to perform euthanasia in the same procedure in a patient who fulfills the due diligence requirements for euthanasia. Organ donation euthanasia (ODE) would then cause death by the associated surgical procedure, and in addition would improve the quality of the other donated organs, a procedure that would fully respect the patient's autonomy.
AB - Euthanasia is categorically prohibited in almost all countries throughout the world. In Belgium and the Netherlands, combining euthanasia and subsequent organ donation in a so-called donation after circulatory-death (DCD) procedure is feasible on legal and medical grounds, and is increasingly gaining social and ethical acceptance. However, heart transplantation after DCD is currently not performed in Belgium and the Netherlands after euthanasia due to concerns surrounding the prolonged warm ischemia time associated with DCD and its effect on subsequent heart function. A number of patients who undergo euthanasia explicitly express their wish to donate their organs in a “living organ donation” procedure, which then causes death. Assuming that euthanasia is permitted, as expressed in Dutch and Belgian legislation, this exploratory article addresses whether it is legally and ethically sound to donate organs, especially the heart, as a living donor and to perform euthanasia in the same procedure in a patient who fulfills the due diligence requirements for euthanasia. Organ donation euthanasia (ODE) would then cause death by the associated surgical procedure, and in addition would improve the quality of the other donated organs, a procedure that would fully respect the patient's autonomy.
KW - donation after brain death
KW - donation after cardiac death
KW - end-of-life
KW - euthanasia
KW - organ donation
KW - transplantation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85052952955&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85052952955&origin=inward
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30197210
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2018.07.014
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2018.07.014
M3 - Editorial
C2 - 30197210
SN - 1053-2498
VL - 38
SP - 111
EP - 113
JO - Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
JF - Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
IS - 2
ER -