TY - JOUR
T1 - Executive summary of the artificial intelligence in surgery series
AU - Loftus, Tyler J.
AU - Vlaar, Alexander P. J.
AU - Hung, Andrew J.
AU - Bihorac, Azra
AU - Dennis, Bradley M.
AU - Juillard, Catherine
AU - Hashimoto, Daniel A.
AU - Kaafarani, Haytham M. A.
AU - Tighe, Patrick J.
AU - Kuo, Paul C.
AU - Miyashita, Shuhei
AU - Wexner, Steven D.
AU - Behrns, Kevin E.
N1 - Funding Information: T.J.L. was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number K23 GM140268. A.P.J.V. was supported by Edwards Lifesciences. A.J.H. was supported by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number K23 EB026493 and an Intuitive Surgical Clinical Research Grant. A.B. was supported by R01 GM110240 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. D.A.H. is a consultant for Verily Life Sciences and Johnson and Johnson. He has received research support from Olympus Corporation and Intuitive Foundation. H.M.A.K. was supported by research funds from CRICO. P.J.T. was supported by R01 GM114290 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences and R01 AG121647 from the National Institute on Aging. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - As opportunities for artificial intelligence to augment surgical care expand, the accompanying surge in published literature has generated both substantial enthusiasm and grave concern regarding the safety and efficacy of artificial intelligence in surgery. For surgeons and surgical data scientists, it is increasingly important to understand the state-of-the-art, recognize knowledge and technology gaps, and critically evaluate the deluge of literature accordingly. This article summarizes the experiences and perspectives of a global, multi-disciplinary group of experts who have faced development and implementation challenges, overcome them, and produced incipient evidence thereof. Collectively, evidence suggests that artificial intelligence has the potential to augment surgeons via decision-support, technical skill assessment, and the semi-autonomous performance of tasks ranging from resource allocation to patching foregut defects. Most applications remain in preclinical phases. As technologies and their implementations improve and positive evidence accumulates, surgeons will face professional imperatives to lead the safe, effective clinical implementation of artificial intelligence in surgery. Substantial challenges remain; recent progress in using artificial intelligence to achieve performance advantages in surgery suggests that remaining challenges can and will be overcome.
AB - As opportunities for artificial intelligence to augment surgical care expand, the accompanying surge in published literature has generated both substantial enthusiasm and grave concern regarding the safety and efficacy of artificial intelligence in surgery. For surgeons and surgical data scientists, it is increasingly important to understand the state-of-the-art, recognize knowledge and technology gaps, and critically evaluate the deluge of literature accordingly. This article summarizes the experiences and perspectives of a global, multi-disciplinary group of experts who have faced development and implementation challenges, overcome them, and produced incipient evidence thereof. Collectively, evidence suggests that artificial intelligence has the potential to augment surgeons via decision-support, technical skill assessment, and the semi-autonomous performance of tasks ranging from resource allocation to patching foregut defects. Most applications remain in preclinical phases. As technologies and their implementations improve and positive evidence accumulates, surgeons will face professional imperatives to lead the safe, effective clinical implementation of artificial intelligence in surgery. Substantial challenges remain; recent progress in using artificial intelligence to achieve performance advantages in surgery suggests that remaining challenges can and will be overcome.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85119411713&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2021.10.047
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2021.10.047
M3 - Article
C2 - 34815097
SN - 0039-6060
JO - Surgery (United States)
JF - Surgery (United States)
ER -