Abstract
Human DNA polymorphisms vary across geographic regions, with the most commonly observed variation reflecting distant ancestry differences. Here we investigate the geographic clustering of common genetic variants that influence complex traits in a sample of ~450,000 individuals from Great Britain. Of 33 traits analysed, 21 showed significant geographic clustering at the genetic level after controlling for ancestry, probably reflecting migration driven by socioeconomic status (SES). Alleles associated with educational attainment (EA) showed the most clustering, with EA-decreasing alleles clustering in lower SES areas such as coal mining areas. Individuals who leave coal mining areas carry more EA-increasing alleles on average than those in the rest of Great Britain. The level of geographic clustering is correlated with genetic associations between complex traits and regional measures of SES, health and cultural outcomes. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that social stratification leaves visible marks in geographic arrangements of common allele frequencies and gene-environment correlations.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1332-1342 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Nature Human Behaviour |
Volume | 3 |
Issue number | 12 |
Early online date | 21 Oct 2019 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Dec 2019 |
Keywords
- Adipose Tissue
- Alleles
- Body Height/genetics
- Body Mass Index
- Cluster Analysis
- Educational Status
- Emigration and Immigration
- European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics
- Geographic Mapping
- Health Status
- Humans
- Multifactorial Inheritance/genetics
- Phenotype
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Social Class
- United Kingdom