TY - JOUR
T1 - Hepatitis C virus infection epidemiology among people who inject drugs in Europe: a systematic review of data for scaling up treatment and prevention
AU - Wiessing, Lucas
AU - Ferri, Marica
AU - Grady, Bart
AU - Kantzanou, Maria
AU - Sperle, Ida
AU - Cullen, Katelyn J.
AU - Hatzakis, Angelos
AU - Prins, Maria
AU - Vickerman, Peter
AU - Lazarus, Jeffrey V.
AU - Hope, Vivian D.
AU - Matheï, Catharina
AU - AUTHOR GROUP
AU - Busch, Martin
AU - Bollaerts, Kaat
AU - Bogdanova, Violeta
AU - Nesheva, Elmira
AU - Fotsiou, Nasia
AU - Kostrikis, Leontios
AU - Mravčík, Viktor
AU - Řehák, Vratislav
AU - Částková, Jitka
AU - Hobstová, Jiřina
AU - Nechanská, Blanka
AU - Fouchard, Jan
AU - Abel-Ollo, Katri
AU - Tefanova, Valentina
AU - Tallo, Tatjana
AU - Brummer-Korvenkontio, Henrikki
AU - Brisacier, Anne-Claire
AU - Michot, Isabelle
AU - Jauffret-Roustide, Marie
AU - Zimmermann, Ruth
AU - Fotiou, Anastasios
AU - Gazdag, Gábor
AU - Tarján, Anna
AU - Galvin, Brian
AU - Garavan, Carrie
AU - Thornton, Lelia
AU - Cruciani, Mario
AU - Basso, Monica
AU - Karnīte, Anda
AU - Caplinskiene, Irma
AU - Lopes, Sofia
AU - Origer, Alain
AU - Melillo, Jackie
AU - Camilleri, Moses
AU - Demanuele, Carlo Olivari
AU - Croes, Esther
AU - Op de Coul, Eline
AU - Rosińska, Magdalena
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - People who inject drugs (PWID) are a key population affected by hepatitis C virus (HCV). Treatment options are improving and may enhance prevention; however access for PWID may be poor. The availability in the literature of information on seven main topic areas (incidence, chronicity, genotypes, HIV co-infection, diagnosis and treatment uptake, and burden of disease) to guide HCV treatment and prevention scale-up for PWID in the 27 countries of the European Union is systematically reviewed. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library for publications between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2012, with a search strategy of general keywords regarding viral hepatitis, substance abuse and geographic scope, as well as topic-specific keywords. Additional articles were found through structured email consultations with a large European expert network. Data availability was highly variable and important limitations existed in comparability and representativeness. Nine of 27 countries had data on HCV incidence among PWID, which was often high (2.7-66/100 person-years, median 13, Interquartile range (IQR) 8.7-28). Most common HCV genotypes were G1 and G3; however, G4 may be increasing, while the proportion of traditionally 'difficult to treat' genotypes (G1+G4) showed large variation (median 53, IQR 43-62). Twelve countries reported on HCV chronicity (median 72, IQR 64-81) and 22 on HIV prevalence in HCV-infected PWID (median 3.9%, IQR 0.2-28). Undiagnosed infection, assessed in five countries, was high (median 49%, IQR 38-64), while of those diagnosed, the proportion entering treatment was low (median 9.5%, IQR 3.5-15). Burden of disease, where assessed, was high and will rise in the next decade. Key data on HCV epidemiology, care and disease burden among PWID in Europe are sparse but suggest many undiagnosed infections and poor treatment uptake. Stronger efforts are needed to improve data availability to guide an increase in HCV treatment among PWID
AB - People who inject drugs (PWID) are a key population affected by hepatitis C virus (HCV). Treatment options are improving and may enhance prevention; however access for PWID may be poor. The availability in the literature of information on seven main topic areas (incidence, chronicity, genotypes, HIV co-infection, diagnosis and treatment uptake, and burden of disease) to guide HCV treatment and prevention scale-up for PWID in the 27 countries of the European Union is systematically reviewed. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library for publications between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2012, with a search strategy of general keywords regarding viral hepatitis, substance abuse and geographic scope, as well as topic-specific keywords. Additional articles were found through structured email consultations with a large European expert network. Data availability was highly variable and important limitations existed in comparability and representativeness. Nine of 27 countries had data on HCV incidence among PWID, which was often high (2.7-66/100 person-years, median 13, Interquartile range (IQR) 8.7-28). Most common HCV genotypes were G1 and G3; however, G4 may be increasing, while the proportion of traditionally 'difficult to treat' genotypes (G1+G4) showed large variation (median 53, IQR 43-62). Twelve countries reported on HCV chronicity (median 72, IQR 64-81) and 22 on HIV prevalence in HCV-infected PWID (median 3.9%, IQR 0.2-28). Undiagnosed infection, assessed in five countries, was high (median 49%, IQR 38-64), while of those diagnosed, the proportion entering treatment was low (median 9.5%, IQR 3.5-15). Burden of disease, where assessed, was high and will rise in the next decade. Key data on HCV epidemiology, care and disease burden among PWID in Europe are sparse but suggest many undiagnosed infections and poor treatment uptake. Stronger efforts are needed to improve data availability to guide an increase in HCV treatment among PWID
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103345
DO - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103345
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25068274
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 9
SP - e103345
JO - PLOS ONE
JF - PLOS ONE
IS - 7
ER -