TY - JOUR
T1 - Higher Incidence of Diabetes in Cancer Patients Compared to Cancer-Free Population Controls
T2 - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AU - Yang, Keyi
AU - Liu, Zhunzhun
AU - Thong, Melissa S. Y.
AU - Doege, Daniela
AU - Arndt, Volker
N1 - Funding Information: Funding: K.Y. is supported by the China Scholarship Council PhD program (ID number: 202006240060). Z.L. is supported by the China Scholarship Council PhD program (ID number: 201808320419). The China Scholarship Council had no role in the study design, collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, writing the manuscript, or the decision to submit the paper for publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/4/1
Y1 - 2022/4/1
N2 - Background: Diabetes increases the risk of certain types of cancer. However, the literature regarding the incidence of diabetes after cancer diagnosis is inconsistent. We aimed to assess whether there was a higher incidence of diabetes among cancer patients by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of results from cohort studies. Methods: A systematic electronic literature search was carried out from cohort studies regarding the incidence of diabetes in cancer patients, using the databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool the estimates. Results: A total of 34 articles involving 360,971 cancer patients and 1,819,451 cancer-free controls were included in the meta-analysis. An increased pooled relative risk (RR) of 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–1.54, I2 = 95, τ2 = 0.0551, p < 0.01) for diabetes in cancer patients was found compared with the cancer-free population. The highest relative risk was observed in the first year after cancer diagnosis (RR = 2.06; 95% CI 1.63–2.60). Conclusions: New-onset diabetes is positively associated with cancer, but this association varies according to cancer type. More prospective studies with large sample sizes and longer follow-up times are advocated to further examine the association and the underlying mechanisms.
AB - Background: Diabetes increases the risk of certain types of cancer. However, the literature regarding the incidence of diabetes after cancer diagnosis is inconsistent. We aimed to assess whether there was a higher incidence of diabetes among cancer patients by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of results from cohort studies. Methods: A systematic electronic literature search was carried out from cohort studies regarding the incidence of diabetes in cancer patients, using the databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool the estimates. Results: A total of 34 articles involving 360,971 cancer patients and 1,819,451 cancer-free controls were included in the meta-analysis. An increased pooled relative risk (RR) of 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–1.54, I2 = 95, τ2 = 0.0551, p < 0.01) for diabetes in cancer patients was found compared with the cancer-free population. The highest relative risk was observed in the first year after cancer diagnosis (RR = 2.06; 95% CI 1.63–2.60). Conclusions: New-onset diabetes is positively associated with cancer, but this association varies according to cancer type. More prospective studies with large sample sizes and longer follow-up times are advocated to further examine the association and the underlying mechanisms.
KW - cancer patients
KW - cancer survivors
KW - cohort studies
KW - diabetes
KW - meta-analysis
KW - systematic review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85127451904&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071808
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071808
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35406580
SN - 2072-6694
VL - 14
JO - Cancers
JF - Cancers
IS - 7
M1 - 1808
ER -