TY - JOUR
T1 - Huntington's Disease: A Review of the Known PET Imaging Biomarkers and Targeting Radiotracers
AU - Cybulska, Klaudia
AU - Perk, Lars
AU - Booij, Jan
AU - Laverman, Peter
AU - Rijpkema, Mark
PY - 2020/1/23
Y1 - 2020/1/23
N2 - Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG expansion mutation in the huntingtin gene. As a result, intranuclear inclusions of mutant huntingtin protein are formed, which damage striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). A review of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies relating to HD was performed, including clinical and preclinical data. PET is a powerful tool for visualisation of the HD pathology by non-invasive imaging of specific radiopharmaceuticals, which provide a detailed molecular snapshot of complex mechanistic pathways within the brain. Nowadays, radiochemists are equipped with an impressive arsenal of radioligands to accurately recognise particular receptors of interest. These include key biomarkers of HD: adenosine, cannabinoid, dopaminergic and glutamateric receptors, microglial activation, phosphodiesterase 10 A and synaptic vesicle proteins. This review aims to provide a radiochemical picture of the recent developments in the field of HD PET, with significant attention devoted to radiosynthetic routes towards the tracers relevant to this disease.
AB - Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG expansion mutation in the huntingtin gene. As a result, intranuclear inclusions of mutant huntingtin protein are formed, which damage striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs). A review of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies relating to HD was performed, including clinical and preclinical data. PET is a powerful tool for visualisation of the HD pathology by non-invasive imaging of specific radiopharmaceuticals, which provide a detailed molecular snapshot of complex mechanistic pathways within the brain. Nowadays, radiochemists are equipped with an impressive arsenal of radioligands to accurately recognise particular receptors of interest. These include key biomarkers of HD: adenosine, cannabinoid, dopaminergic and glutamateric receptors, microglial activation, phosphodiesterase 10 A and synaptic vesicle proteins. This review aims to provide a radiochemical picture of the recent developments in the field of HD PET, with significant attention devoted to radiosynthetic routes towards the tracers relevant to this disease.
KW - Carbon-11
KW - Fluorine-18
KW - Huntington’s disease
KW - Mutant huntingtin
KW - Positron Emission Tomography
KW - Radiochemistry
KW - Radiopharmaceuticals
KW - [ C]raclopride
KW - [ F]MNI-659
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85078303941&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030482
DO - https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030482
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31979301
SN - 1420-3049
VL - 25
JO - Molecules
JF - Molecules
IS - 3
M1 - 482
ER -