TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of BMI on outcomes in respiratory ECMO
T2 - an ELSO registry study
AU - Peetermans, Marijke
AU - Guler, Ipek
AU - Meersseman, Philippe
AU - Wilmer, Alexander
AU - Wauters, Joost
AU - Meyns, Bart
AU - Vlaar, Alexander P. J.
AU - Combes, Alain
AU - Hermans, Greet
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Purpose: The impact of body mass index (BMI) on outcomes in respiratory failure necessitating extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been poorly described. We aimed to assess: (i) whether adults with class II obesity or more (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) have worse outcomes than lean counterparts, (ii) the form of the relationship between BMI and outcomes, (iii) whether a cutoff marking futility can be identified. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry from 1/1/2010 to 31/12/2020 was conducted. Impact of BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 was assessed with propensity-score (PS) matching, inverse propensity-score weighted (IPSW) and multivariable models (MV), adjusting for a priori identified confounders. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The form of the relationship between BMI and outcomes was studied with generalized additive models. Outcomes across World Health Organisation (WHO)-defined BMI categories were compared. Results: Among 18,529 patients, BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 was consistently associated with reduced in-hospital mortality [PS-matched: OR: 0.878(95%CI 0.798–0.966), p = 0.008; IPSW: OR: 0.899(95%CI 0.827–0.979), p = 0.014; MV: OR: 0.900(95%CI 0.834–0.971), p = 0.007] and shorter hospital length of stays. In patients with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2, cardiovascular (17.3% versus 15.3%), renal (37% versus 30%) and device-related complications (25.7% versus 20.6%) increased, whereas pulmonary complications decreased (7.6% versus 9.3%). These findings were independent of confounders throughout PS-matched, IPSW and MV models. The relationship between BMI and outcomes was non-linear and no cutoff for futility was identified. Conclusion: Patients with obesity class II or more treated with ECMO for respiratory failure have lower mortality risk and shorter stays, despite increased cardiovascular, device-related, and renal complications. No upper limit of BMI indicating futility of ECMO treatment could be identified. BMI as single parameter should not be a contra-indication for respiratory ECMO.
AB - Purpose: The impact of body mass index (BMI) on outcomes in respiratory failure necessitating extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been poorly described. We aimed to assess: (i) whether adults with class II obesity or more (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) have worse outcomes than lean counterparts, (ii) the form of the relationship between BMI and outcomes, (iii) whether a cutoff marking futility can be identified. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) Registry from 1/1/2010 to 31/12/2020 was conducted. Impact of BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 was assessed with propensity-score (PS) matching, inverse propensity-score weighted (IPSW) and multivariable models (MV), adjusting for a priori identified confounders. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The form of the relationship between BMI and outcomes was studied with generalized additive models. Outcomes across World Health Organisation (WHO)-defined BMI categories were compared. Results: Among 18,529 patients, BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 was consistently associated with reduced in-hospital mortality [PS-matched: OR: 0.878(95%CI 0.798–0.966), p = 0.008; IPSW: OR: 0.899(95%CI 0.827–0.979), p = 0.014; MV: OR: 0.900(95%CI 0.834–0.971), p = 0.007] and shorter hospital length of stays. In patients with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2, cardiovascular (17.3% versus 15.3%), renal (37% versus 30%) and device-related complications (25.7% versus 20.6%) increased, whereas pulmonary complications decreased (7.6% versus 9.3%). These findings were independent of confounders throughout PS-matched, IPSW and MV models. The relationship between BMI and outcomes was non-linear and no cutoff for futility was identified. Conclusion: Patients with obesity class II or more treated with ECMO for respiratory failure have lower mortality risk and shorter stays, despite increased cardiovascular, device-related, and renal complications. No upper limit of BMI indicating futility of ECMO treatment could be identified. BMI as single parameter should not be a contra-indication for respiratory ECMO.
KW - Body mass index
KW - Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
KW - Obesity
KW - Respiratory failure
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85142437577&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-022-06926-4
DO - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-022-06926-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 36416896
SN - 0342-4642
JO - Intensive care medicine
JF - Intensive care medicine
ER -