TY - JOUR
T1 - Insulin-treated diabetes patients with fear of self-injecting or fear of self-testing: psychological comorbidity and general well-being
T2 - Psychological comorbidity and general well-being
AU - Mollema, E. D.
AU - Snoek, F. J.
AU - Adèr, H. J.
AU - Heine, R. J.
AU - van der Ploeg, H. M.
PY - 2001/12/1
Y1 - 2001/12/1
N2 - To examine psychological functioning and self-management behaviours of Dutch adult patients with insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus suffering from extreme fear of self-injecting (FSI) and/or fear of self-testing (FST). A cross-sectional survey was performed in a sample of insulin-treated diabetes patients (n=1275; 51.1% male; age 49.7+/-15.8 years; 58.0% Type 1 diabetes), assessing FSI and FST. Patients completed the questionnaires concerning trait/state anxiety, depression, fear of hypoglycemia, diabetes-related distress, diabetes self-care activities, and general well-being. Comparisons were made on these measures between patients with extremely high scores on FSI and/or FST (> or = 95th percentile) and the other patients. Patients with extreme scores on FSI and/or FST were invited to take part in a second survey to assess the prevalence of major depression, common fears/phobias, and psychoneuroticism. People with extreme FSI/ FST scores, as compared to the other patients, reported higher levels of trait/state anxiety and depression. This group also reported more fear of hypoglycaemia and diabetes-related distress, had lower levels of general well-being, and reported less frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose. The second survey showed 11.1% of patients with extreme FSI/FST reporting scores indicating major depression. Prevalence of scores greater than or equal to the high scores on phobias (38.0-63.3%) and psychoneuroticism (27.8%) were consistently higher than norm group prevalences. Extreme levels of FSI and/or FST are associated with high diabetes-related distress, poor general well-being, and psychological comorbidity, as well as poorer adherence to the diabetes treatment regimen. It is concluded that patients with extreme FSI/FST are often burdened with more than this specific phobia
AB - To examine psychological functioning and self-management behaviours of Dutch adult patients with insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus suffering from extreme fear of self-injecting (FSI) and/or fear of self-testing (FST). A cross-sectional survey was performed in a sample of insulin-treated diabetes patients (n=1275; 51.1% male; age 49.7+/-15.8 years; 58.0% Type 1 diabetes), assessing FSI and FST. Patients completed the questionnaires concerning trait/state anxiety, depression, fear of hypoglycemia, diabetes-related distress, diabetes self-care activities, and general well-being. Comparisons were made on these measures between patients with extremely high scores on FSI and/or FST (> or = 95th percentile) and the other patients. Patients with extreme scores on FSI and/or FST were invited to take part in a second survey to assess the prevalence of major depression, common fears/phobias, and psychoneuroticism. People with extreme FSI/ FST scores, as compared to the other patients, reported higher levels of trait/state anxiety and depression. This group also reported more fear of hypoglycaemia and diabetes-related distress, had lower levels of general well-being, and reported less frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose. The second survey showed 11.1% of patients with extreme FSI/FST reporting scores indicating major depression. Prevalence of scores greater than or equal to the high scores on phobias (38.0-63.3%) and psychoneuroticism (27.8%) were consistently higher than norm group prevalences. Extreme levels of FSI and/or FST are associated with high diabetes-related distress, poor general well-being, and psychological comorbidity, as well as poorer adherence to the diabetes treatment regimen. It is concluded that patients with extreme FSI/FST are often burdened with more than this specific phobia
KW - Adults
KW - Diabetes mellitus
KW - Fear of self-injecting
KW - Fear of self-testing
KW - Psychological functioning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035655361&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(01)00229-X
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(01)00229-X
M3 - Article
C2 - 11728507
SN - 0022-3999
VL - 51
SP - 665
EP - 672
JO - Journal of psychosomatic research
JF - Journal of psychosomatic research
IS - 5
ER -