TY - JOUR
T1 - Kinetics of Inflammatory Mediators in the Immune Response to Burn Injury
T2 - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies
AU - Mulder, Patrick P. G.
AU - Hooijmans, Carlijn R.
AU - Vlig, Marcel
AU - Middelkoop, Esther
AU - Joosten, Irma
AU - Koenen, Hans J. P. M.
AU - Boekema, Bouke K. H. L.
N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank Alice Tillema of the Radboud Medical Library for her help in designing the search strategy, Rob de Vries of SYRCLE for his advice and Kim Schilders, Anouk Elgersma, Rosa Rentenaar, and Myrthe Witbaard of the ADBC for their assistance during data extraction. This work was supported by ZonMw (grant number 114024146 , 2020) and the Dutch Burns Foundation (grant number WO/17.108, 2019). Funding Information: The authors thank Alice Tillema of the Radboud Medical Library for her help in designing the search strategy, Rob de Vries of SYRCLE for his advice and Kim Schilders, Anouk Elgersma, Rosa Rentenaar, and Myrthe Witbaard of the ADBC for their assistance during data extraction. This work was supported by ZonMw (grant number 114024146, 2020) and the Dutch Burns Foundation (grant number WO/17.108, 2019). Conceptualization: PM, MV, EM, IJ, HK, and BB; Methodology: PM, CH, and BB; Investigation: PM, MV, and BB; Formal Analysis: PM, CH, and BB; Visualization: PM and BB; Supervision: EM, IJ, HK, and BB; Writing-Original Draft: PM; Writing-Review and Editing: MV, CH, EM, IJ, HK, and BB Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Burns are often accompanied by a dysfunctional immune response, which can lead to systemic inflammation, shock, and excessive scarring. The objective of this study was to provide insight into inflammatory pathways associated with burn-related complications. Because detailed information on the various inflammatory mediators is scattered over individual studies, we systematically reviewed animal experimental data for all reported inflammatory mediators. Meta-analyses of 352 studies revealed a strong increase in cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, particularly 19 mediators in blood and 12 in burn tissue. Temporal kinetics showed long-lasting surges of proinflammatory cytokines in blood and burn tissue. Significant time-dependent effects were seen for IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and CCL2. The response of anti-inflammatory mediators was limited. Burn technique had a profound impact on systemic response levels. Large burn size and scalds further increased systemic, but not local inflammation. Animal characteristics greatly affected inflammation, for example, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were highest in young, male rats. Time-dependent effects and dissimilarities in response demonstrate the importance of appropriate study design. Collectively, this review presents a general overview of the burn-induced immune response exposing inflammatory pathways that could be targeted through immunotherapy for burn patients and provides guidance for experimental set-ups to advance burn research.
AB - Burns are often accompanied by a dysfunctional immune response, which can lead to systemic inflammation, shock, and excessive scarring. The objective of this study was to provide insight into inflammatory pathways associated with burn-related complications. Because detailed information on the various inflammatory mediators is scattered over individual studies, we systematically reviewed animal experimental data for all reported inflammatory mediators. Meta-analyses of 352 studies revealed a strong increase in cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, particularly 19 mediators in blood and 12 in burn tissue. Temporal kinetics showed long-lasting surges of proinflammatory cytokines in blood and burn tissue. Significant time-dependent effects were seen for IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β1, and CCL2. The response of anti-inflammatory mediators was limited. Burn technique had a profound impact on systemic response levels. Large burn size and scalds further increased systemic, but not local inflammation. Animal characteristics greatly affected inflammation, for example, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were highest in young, male rats. Time-dependent effects and dissimilarities in response demonstrate the importance of appropriate study design. Collectively, this review presents a general overview of the burn-induced immune response exposing inflammatory pathways that could be targeted through immunotherapy for burn patients and provides guidance for experimental set-ups to advance burn research.
KW - Blood
KW - Chemokines
KW - Cytokines
KW - Growth factors
KW - Inflammation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85180567139&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2023.09.269
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2023.09.269
M3 - Article
C2 - 37806443
SN - 0022-202X
JO - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
JF - Journal of Investigative Dermatology
ER -