TY - JOUR
T1 - Linking atypical depression and insulin resistance-related disorders via low-grade chronic inflammation
T2 - Integrating the phenotypic, molecular and neuroanatomical dimensions
AU - Sen, Zümrüt Duygu
AU - Danyeli, Lena Vera
AU - Woelfer, Marie
AU - Lamers, Femke
AU - Wagner, Gerd
AU - Sobanski, Thomas
AU - Walter, Martin
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Insulin resistance (IR) and related disorders, such as T2DM, increase the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) and vice versa. Current evidence indicates that psychological stress and overeating can induce chronic low-grade inflammation that can interfere with glutamate metabolism in MDD as well as insulin signaling, particularly in the atypical subtype. Here we first review the interactive role of inflammatory processes in the development of MDD, IR and related metabolic disorders. Next, we describe the role of the anterior cingulate cortex in the pathophysiology of MDD and IR-related disorders. Furthermore, we outline how specific clinical features of atypical depression, such as hyperphagia, are more associated with inflammation and IR-related disorders. Finally, we examine the regional specificity of the effects of inflammation on the brain that show an overlap with the functional and morphometric brain patterns activated in MDD and IR-related disorders.
AB - Insulin resistance (IR) and related disorders, such as T2DM, increase the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) and vice versa. Current evidence indicates that psychological stress and overeating can induce chronic low-grade inflammation that can interfere with glutamate metabolism in MDD as well as insulin signaling, particularly in the atypical subtype. Here we first review the interactive role of inflammatory processes in the development of MDD, IR and related metabolic disorders. Next, we describe the role of the anterior cingulate cortex in the pathophysiology of MDD and IR-related disorders. Furthermore, we outline how specific clinical features of atypical depression, such as hyperphagia, are more associated with inflammation and IR-related disorders. Finally, we examine the regional specificity of the effects of inflammation on the brain that show an overlap with the functional and morphometric brain patterns activated in MDD and IR-related disorders.
KW - Anterior cingulate cortex
KW - Atypical depression
KW - Inflammation
KW - Insulin resistance
KW - Major depressive disorder
KW - Metabolic syndrome
KW - Obesity
KW - Stress
KW - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099834829&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.020
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.020
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33359233
SN - 0889-1591
VL - 93
SP - 335
EP - 352
JO - Brain, behavior, and immunity
JF - Brain, behavior, and immunity
ER -