TY - JOUR
T1 - Low Urinary Potassium Excretion Is Associated with Higher Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
T2 - Results of the Dutch Diabetes and Lifestyle Cohort Twente (DIALECT)
AU - Yeung, Stanley M. H.
AU - Oosterwijk, Milou M.
AU - Poelstra, Monique
AU - Gant, Christina M.
AU - Rotmans, Joris I.
AU - Hoorn, Ewout J.
AU - Vogt, Liffert
AU - Navis, Gerjan
AU - Bakker, Stephan J. L.
AU - de Borst, Martin H.
AU - Laverman, Gozewijn D.
N1 - © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.
PY - 2022/12/1
Y1 - 2022/12/1
N2 - Background: Low 24-h urinary potassium excretion, reflecting low potassium intake, is associated with premature mortality in the general population. Objectives: To determine whether urinary potassium excretion is associated with all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study in 654 patients with type 2 diabetes in the Diabetes and Lifestyle Cohort Twente (DIALECT). Sex-specific tertiles of 24-h urinary potassium excretion were analyzed in a multivariable Cox regression model with all-cause mortality. The outpatient program of the hospital uses a continuous surveillance system by the municipal registry of death to ensure up-to-date information on the patient's status (alive or deceased). FFQs were used to study associations between urinary potassium excretion and food products. Results: Urinary potassium excretion at baseline was 84 ± 25 mmol/d in males and 65 ± 22 mmol/d in females, corresponding to estimated potassium intakes of 4250 ± 1270 mg/d and 3300 ± 875 mg/d. During a median follow-up of 5.2 (IQR: 2.7−7.9] y, 96 participants died. In a fully adjusted model, patients in the lowest sex-specific tertile had a higher risk of all-cause mortality, compared with patients in the highest sex-specific tertile (HR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.06, 4.10; P = 0.03). Patients in the lowest sex-specific tertile consumed fewer fruits and vegetables, dairy, coffee, and potato products compared with patients in the highest sex-specific tertile (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Low potassium intake is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in Dutch patients with type 2 diabetes. Intervention studies are needed to determine whether potassium supplementation improves longevity in patients with type 2 diabetes. This trial was registered in the Dutch Trial Register as NTR trial code 5855.
AB - Background: Low 24-h urinary potassium excretion, reflecting low potassium intake, is associated with premature mortality in the general population. Objectives: To determine whether urinary potassium excretion is associated with all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study in 654 patients with type 2 diabetes in the Diabetes and Lifestyle Cohort Twente (DIALECT). Sex-specific tertiles of 24-h urinary potassium excretion were analyzed in a multivariable Cox regression model with all-cause mortality. The outpatient program of the hospital uses a continuous surveillance system by the municipal registry of death to ensure up-to-date information on the patient's status (alive or deceased). FFQs were used to study associations between urinary potassium excretion and food products. Results: Urinary potassium excretion at baseline was 84 ± 25 mmol/d in males and 65 ± 22 mmol/d in females, corresponding to estimated potassium intakes of 4250 ± 1270 mg/d and 3300 ± 875 mg/d. During a median follow-up of 5.2 (IQR: 2.7−7.9] y, 96 participants died. In a fully adjusted model, patients in the lowest sex-specific tertile had a higher risk of all-cause mortality, compared with patients in the highest sex-specific tertile (HR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.06, 4.10; P = 0.03). Patients in the lowest sex-specific tertile consumed fewer fruits and vegetables, dairy, coffee, and potato products compared with patients in the highest sex-specific tertile (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Low potassium intake is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in Dutch patients with type 2 diabetes. Intervention studies are needed to determine whether potassium supplementation improves longevity in patients with type 2 diabetes. This trial was registered in the Dutch Trial Register as NTR trial code 5855.
KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Language
KW - Life Style
KW - Male
KW - Potassium
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Sodium
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85150019799&origin=inward
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36130237
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac215
DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac215
M3 - Article
C2 - 36130237
SN - 0022-3166
VL - 152
SP - 2856
EP - 2864
JO - Journal of Nutrition
JF - Journal of Nutrition
IS - 12
ER -