TY - JOUR
T1 - Measuring T cell responses by flow cytometry–based fluorescence in situ hybridization
AU - Freen-van Heeren, Julian J.
AU - Nicolet, Benoit P.
AU - Wolkers, Monika C.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - T cells produce a wide variety of effector molecules in response to infections, such as cytokines, chemokines, granzymes, and perforins. Because different stimuli promote the production of specific effector molecules, T cell responses come in different flavors. In addition, single-cell analysis of protein production revealed that T cells respond heterogeneously to activation. To unravel the regulatory mechanisms that determine T cell effector function, novel methods were developed that simultaneously measure protein levels with the corresponding mRNA. These flow cytometry-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (Flow-FISH) technologies allow for multiparameter analysis with single-cell resolution of both nucleic acids and proteins. Here, we review the currently available methods of Flow-FISH and describe the possible applications thereof, with a specific focus on T cells.
AB - T cells produce a wide variety of effector molecules in response to infections, such as cytokines, chemokines, granzymes, and perforins. Because different stimuli promote the production of specific effector molecules, T cell responses come in different flavors. In addition, single-cell analysis of protein production revealed that T cells respond heterogeneously to activation. To unravel the regulatory mechanisms that determine T cell effector function, novel methods were developed that simultaneously measure protein levels with the corresponding mRNA. These flow cytometry-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (Flow-FISH) technologies allow for multiparameter analysis with single-cell resolution of both nucleic acids and proteins. Here, we review the currently available methods of Flow-FISH and describe the possible applications thereof, with a specific focus on T cells.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85048281493&origin=inward
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29953391
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2018025938
DO - https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2018025938
M3 - Article
C2 - 29953391
SN - 1040-8401
VL - 38
SP - 131
EP - 143
JO - Critical reviews in immunology
JF - Critical reviews in immunology
IS - 2
ER -