TY - JOUR
T1 - Microstructural changes in the irradiated and osteoradionecrotic bone
T2 - a SEM study
AU - Sridhar Reddy, P.
AU - Villikka, Kaapo
AU - Kashyap, Bina
AU - Dekker, Hannah
AU - Schulten, Engelbert A. J. M.
AU - Mikkonen, Jopi J. W.
AU - Turunen, Mikael
AU - Koistinen, Arto P.
AU - Bravenboer, Nathalie
AU - Kullaa, Arja M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Radiation exposure is a major health concern due to bone involvement including mandible, causing deleterious effects on bone metabolism, and healing with an increasing risk of infection and osteoradionecrosis. This study aims to investigate the radiotherapy-induced microstructural changes in the human mandible by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mandibular cortical bone biopsies were obtained from control, irradiated, and patients with osteoradionecrosis (ORN). Bone samples were prepared for light microscopy and SEM. The SEM images were analyzed for the number of osteons, number of Haversian canal (HC), diameter of osteon (D.O), the diameter of HC (D.HC), osteonal wall thickness (O.W.Th), number of osteocytes, and number of osteocytic dendrites. The number of osteons, D.O, D.HC, O.W.Th, the number of osteocytes, and osteocytic dendrites were significantly decreased in both irradiated and ORN compared to controls (p <.05). The number of HCs decreased in irradiated and ORN bone compared to the control group. However, this was statistically not significant. The deleterious effect of radiation continues gradually altering the bone quality, structure, cellularity, and vascularity in the long term (>5 years mean radiation biopsy interval). The underlying microscopic damage in bone increases its susceptibility and contributes further to radiation-induced bone changes or even ORN.
AB - Radiation exposure is a major health concern due to bone involvement including mandible, causing deleterious effects on bone metabolism, and healing with an increasing risk of infection and osteoradionecrosis. This study aims to investigate the radiotherapy-induced microstructural changes in the human mandible by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mandibular cortical bone biopsies were obtained from control, irradiated, and patients with osteoradionecrosis (ORN). Bone samples were prepared for light microscopy and SEM. The SEM images were analyzed for the number of osteons, number of Haversian canal (HC), diameter of osteon (D.O), the diameter of HC (D.HC), osteonal wall thickness (O.W.Th), number of osteocytes, and number of osteocytic dendrites. The number of osteons, D.O, D.HC, O.W.Th, the number of osteocytes, and osteocytic dendrites were significantly decreased in both irradiated and ORN compared to controls (p <.05). The number of HCs decreased in irradiated and ORN bone compared to the control group. However, this was statistically not significant. The deleterious effect of radiation continues gradually altering the bone quality, structure, cellularity, and vascularity in the long term (>5 years mean radiation biopsy interval). The underlying microscopic damage in bone increases its susceptibility and contributes further to radiation-induced bone changes or even ORN.
KW - Irradiation
KW - mandible
KW - osteocytes
KW - osteoradionecrosis
KW - scanning electron microscopy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85180219340&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01913123.2023.2295458
DO - https://doi.org/10.1080/01913123.2023.2295458
M3 - Article
C2 - 38115187
SN - 0191-3123
JO - Ultrastructural pathology
JF - Ultrastructural pathology
ER -