TY - JOUR
T1 - Oxidative Stress in Neutrophils
T2 - Implications for Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications
AU - Johnson, Jillian
AU - Jaggers, Robert M.
AU - Gopalkrishna, Sreejit
AU - Dahdah, Albert
AU - Murphy, Andrew J.
AU - Hanssen, Nordin M. J.
AU - Nagareddy, Prabhakara R.
N1 - Funding Information: P.R.N. is supported by grants from the NIH (R01HL137799, R21AG063197). NMJH is supported by a DFN- DON [2020.10.002]. A.J.M. is supported by a CSL Centenary Award and an NHMRC Investigator grant. Funding Information: P.R.N. is supported by grants from the NIH (R01HL137799, R21AG063197). NMJH is supported by a DFN-DON [2020.10.002]. A.J.M. is supported by a CSL Centenary Award and an NHMRC Investigator grant. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2022.
PY - 2022/4/1
Y1 - 2022/4/1
N2 - Significance: Neutrophil behavior and function are altered by hyperglycemia associated with diabetes. Aberrant activation by hyperglycemia causes neutrophils to respond with increased production of reactive oxidative species (ROS). Excess ROS, a signature of primed neutrophils, can intracellularly induce neutrophils to undergo NETosis, flooding surrounding tissues with ROS and damage-associated molecular patterns such as S100 calcium binding proteins (S100A8/A9). The cargo associated with NETosis also attracts more immune cells to the site and signals for increased immune cell production. This inflammatory response to diabetes can accelerate other associated conditions such as atherosclerosis and thrombosis, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Recent Advances: As the prevalence of diabetes continues to grow, more attention has been focused on developing effective treatment options. Currently, glucose-lowering medications and insulin injections are the most widely utilized treatments. As the disease progresses, medications are usually stacked to maintain glucose at desired target levels, but this approach often fails and does not effectively reduce cardiovascular risk, even with the latest drugs. Critical Issues: Despite advances in treatment options, diabetes remains a progressive disease as glucose lowering alone has failed to abolish the associated cardiovascular complications. Future Directions: Significant interest is being generated in developing treatments that do not solely focus on glucose control but rather mitigate glucotoxicity. Several therapies have been proposed that target cellular dysfunction downstream of hyperglycemia, such as using antioxidants to scavenge ROS, inhibiting ROS production from NOX, and suppressing neutrophil release of S100A8/A9 proteins.
AB - Significance: Neutrophil behavior and function are altered by hyperglycemia associated with diabetes. Aberrant activation by hyperglycemia causes neutrophils to respond with increased production of reactive oxidative species (ROS). Excess ROS, a signature of primed neutrophils, can intracellularly induce neutrophils to undergo NETosis, flooding surrounding tissues with ROS and damage-associated molecular patterns such as S100 calcium binding proteins (S100A8/A9). The cargo associated with NETosis also attracts more immune cells to the site and signals for increased immune cell production. This inflammatory response to diabetes can accelerate other associated conditions such as atherosclerosis and thrombosis, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Recent Advances: As the prevalence of diabetes continues to grow, more attention has been focused on developing effective treatment options. Currently, glucose-lowering medications and insulin injections are the most widely utilized treatments. As the disease progresses, medications are usually stacked to maintain glucose at desired target levels, but this approach often fails and does not effectively reduce cardiovascular risk, even with the latest drugs. Critical Issues: Despite advances in treatment options, diabetes remains a progressive disease as glucose lowering alone has failed to abolish the associated cardiovascular complications. Future Directions: Significant interest is being generated in developing treatments that do not solely focus on glucose control but rather mitigate glucotoxicity. Several therapies have been proposed that target cellular dysfunction downstream of hyperglycemia, such as using antioxidants to scavenge ROS, inhibiting ROS production from NOX, and suppressing neutrophil release of S100A8/A9 proteins.
KW - DAMPS
KW - cardiovascular disease
KW - diabetes
KW - hyperglycemia
KW - neutrophils
KW - oxidative stress
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126480733&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2021.0116
DO - https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2021.0116
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34148367
SN - 1523-0864
VL - 36
SP - 652
EP - 666
JO - Antioxidants and Redox Signaling
JF - Antioxidants and Redox Signaling
IS - 10-12
ER -