TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence and Risk Factors of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
T2 - A Cross-Sectional Study in Italian Infants and Young Children
AU - Scarpato, Elena
AU - Salvatore, Silvia
AU - Romano, Claudio
AU - Bruzzese, Dario
AU - Ferrara, Dante
AU - Inferrera, Ramona
AU - Zeevenhooven, Judith
AU - Steutel, Nina F.
AU - Benninga, Marc A.
AU - Staiano, Annamaria
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023/2/1
Y1 - 2023/2/1
N2 - Objectives: Reports of prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in infants/toddlers are widely variable. Reasons for this variability are not yet fully understood. The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of FGIDs according to Rome IV criteria and to evaluate associated factors, in Italian infants and toddlers. Methods: Subjects aged 0-48 months were enrolled by general pediatricians from 3 Italian regions. Parents or legal guardians were administered questionnaires including information about the child, the family, and GI symptoms according to Rome IV criteria. Results: Five hundred eight infants aged 0-12 months [mean age 4.4 ± 3.4 months; females (F) 40.9%], and 268 children aged 13-48 months (mean age 30.8 ± 10.7 months; F 44.4%) were included. In infants, prevalence of FGIDs was 21.1%, and the most prevalent FGID was infant colic (9.3%). In toddlers, prevalence of FGIDs was 19.6%, with functional constipation being the most frequent disorder (16.1%). In infants, multivariable analysis found that being older, being the only child, and living in a rural environment were associated with a lower rate of FGIDs. Prevalence was, in contrast, higher in infants fed with formula. Conclusions: One out of 5 Italian infants and young children is affected by at least 1 FGID. The most frequent FGID in infants is infant colic, while in toddlers this is functional constipation. In infants, prevalence of FGIDs is lower if the subject has no siblings, and in children living in a rural environment, while formula feeding represents a risk factor for FGIDs occurrence.
AB - Objectives: Reports of prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in infants/toddlers are widely variable. Reasons for this variability are not yet fully understood. The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of FGIDs according to Rome IV criteria and to evaluate associated factors, in Italian infants and toddlers. Methods: Subjects aged 0-48 months were enrolled by general pediatricians from 3 Italian regions. Parents or legal guardians were administered questionnaires including information about the child, the family, and GI symptoms according to Rome IV criteria. Results: Five hundred eight infants aged 0-12 months [mean age 4.4 ± 3.4 months; females (F) 40.9%], and 268 children aged 13-48 months (mean age 30.8 ± 10.7 months; F 44.4%) were included. In infants, prevalence of FGIDs was 21.1%, and the most prevalent FGID was infant colic (9.3%). In toddlers, prevalence of FGIDs was 19.6%, with functional constipation being the most frequent disorder (16.1%). In infants, multivariable analysis found that being older, being the only child, and living in a rural environment were associated with a lower rate of FGIDs. Prevalence was, in contrast, higher in infants fed with formula. Conclusions: One out of 5 Italian infants and young children is affected by at least 1 FGID. The most frequent FGID in infants is infant colic, while in toddlers this is functional constipation. In infants, prevalence of FGIDs is lower if the subject has no siblings, and in children living in a rural environment, while formula feeding represents a risk factor for FGIDs occurrence.
KW - Constipation
KW - Epidemiologic study
KW - Formula feeding
KW - Infant colic
KW - Rome IV criteria
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147092254&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000003653
DO - https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000003653
M3 - Article
C2 - 36705695
SN - 0277-2116
VL - 76
SP - E27-E35
JO - Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
JF - Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
IS - 2
ER -