TY - JOUR
T1 - Recent advances on smart glycoconjugate vaccines in infections and cancer
AU - Anderluh, Marko
AU - Berti, Francesco
AU - Bzducha-Wróbel, Anna
AU - Chiodo, Fabrizio
AU - Colombo, Cinzia
AU - Compostella, Federica
AU - Durlik, Katarzyna
AU - Ferhati, Xhenti
AU - Holmdahl, Rikard
AU - Jovanovic, Dragana
AU - Kaca, Wieslaw
AU - Lay, Luigi
AU - Marinovic-Cincovic, Milena
AU - Marradi, Marco
AU - Ozil, Musa
AU - Polito, Laura
AU - Reina, Josè Juan
AU - Reis, Celso A.
AU - Sackstein, Robert
AU - Silipo, Alba
AU - Švajger, Urban
AU - Vaněk, Ondřej
AU - Yamamoto, Fumiichiro
AU - Richichi, Barbara
AU - van Vliet, Sandra J.
N1 - Funding Information: We thank COST Action CA18103: INNOGLY: INNOvation with GLYcans: new frontiers from synthesis to new biological targets. Some of the original figures in this review were created with BioRender.com. Ondřej Vaněk acknowledges support from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LTC20078 in frame of the COST Action CA18103). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. The FEBS Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Vaccination is one of the greatest achievements in biomedical research preventing death and morbidity in many infectious diseases through the induction of pathogen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Currently, no effective vaccines are available for pathogens with a highly variable antigenic load, such as the human immunodeficiency virus or to induce cellular T-cell immunity in the fight against cancer. The recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has reinforced the relevance of designing smart therapeutic vaccine modalities to ensure public health. Indeed, academic and private companies have ongoing joint efforts to develop novel vaccine prototypes for this virus. Many pathogens are covered by a dense glycan-coat, which form an attractive target for vaccine development. Moreover, many tumor types are characterized by altered glycosylation profiles that are known as “tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens”. Unfortunately, glycans do not provoke a vigorous immune response and generally serve as T-cell-independent antigens, not eliciting protective immunoglobulin G responses nor inducing immunological memory. A close and continuous crosstalk between glycochemists and glycoimmunologists is essential for the successful development of efficient immune modulators. It is clear that this is a key point for the discovery of novel approaches, which could significantly improve our understanding of the immune system. In this review, we discuss the latest advancements in development of vaccines against glycan epitopes to gain selective immune responses and to provide an overview on the role of different immunogenic constructs in improving glycovaccine efficacy.
AB - Vaccination is one of the greatest achievements in biomedical research preventing death and morbidity in many infectious diseases through the induction of pathogen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Currently, no effective vaccines are available for pathogens with a highly variable antigenic load, such as the human immunodeficiency virus or to induce cellular T-cell immunity in the fight against cancer. The recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has reinforced the relevance of designing smart therapeutic vaccine modalities to ensure public health. Indeed, academic and private companies have ongoing joint efforts to develop novel vaccine prototypes for this virus. Many pathogens are covered by a dense glycan-coat, which form an attractive target for vaccine development. Moreover, many tumor types are characterized by altered glycosylation profiles that are known as “tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens”. Unfortunately, glycans do not provoke a vigorous immune response and generally serve as T-cell-independent antigens, not eliciting protective immunoglobulin G responses nor inducing immunological memory. A close and continuous crosstalk between glycochemists and glycoimmunologists is essential for the successful development of efficient immune modulators. It is clear that this is a key point for the discovery of novel approaches, which could significantly improve our understanding of the immune system. In this review, we discuss the latest advancements in development of vaccines against glycan epitopes to gain selective immune responses and to provide an overview on the role of different immunogenic constructs in improving glycovaccine efficacy.
KW - cancer
KW - glycosylation
KW - immune system
KW - infection
KW - vaccination
UR - https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=85107309134&origin=inward
UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33934527
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.15909
DO - https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.15909
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33934527
SN - 1742-464X
JO - FEBS journal
JF - FEBS journal
ER -