TY - JOUR
T1 - Reciprocal organ interactions during heart failure
T2 - A position paper from the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function
AU - Ciccarelli, Michele
AU - Dawson, Dana
AU - Falcao-Pires, Inês
AU - Giacca, Mauro
AU - Hamdani, Nazha
AU - Heymans, Stéphane
AU - Hooghiemstra, Astrid
AU - Leeuwis, Annebet
AU - Hermkens, Dorien
AU - Tocchetti, Carlo Gabriele
AU - van der Velden, Jolanda
AU - Zacchigna, Serena
AU - Thum, Thomas
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.
PY - 2021/11/1
Y1 - 2021/11/1
N2 - Heart failure - either with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF/HFpEF) - is a clinical syndrome of multifactorial and gender-dependent aetiology, indicating the insufficiency of the heart to pump blood adequately to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. Typical symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive fatigue with impaired exercise capacity, and peripheral oedema, thereby alluding to the fact that heart failure is a syndrome that affects multiple organ systems. Patients suffering from progressed heart failure have a very limited life expectancy, lower than that of numerous cancer types. In this position paper, we provide an overview regarding interactions between the heart and other organ systems, the clinical evidence, underlying mechanisms, potential available or yet-to-establish animal models to study such interactions and finally discuss potential new drug interventions to be developed in the future. Our working group suggests that more experimental research is required to understand the individual molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure and reinforces the urgency for tailored therapeutic interventions that target not only the heart but also other related affected organ systems to effectively treat heart failure as a clinical syndrome that affects and involves multiple organs.
AB - Heart failure - either with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF/HFpEF) - is a clinical syndrome of multifactorial and gender-dependent aetiology, indicating the insufficiency of the heart to pump blood adequately to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. Typical symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive fatigue with impaired exercise capacity, and peripheral oedema, thereby alluding to the fact that heart failure is a syndrome that affects multiple organ systems. Patients suffering from progressed heart failure have a very limited life expectancy, lower than that of numerous cancer types. In this position paper, we provide an overview regarding interactions between the heart and other organ systems, the clinical evidence, underlying mechanisms, potential available or yet-to-establish animal models to study such interactions and finally discuss potential new drug interventions to be developed in the future. Our working group suggests that more experimental research is required to understand the individual molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure and reinforces the urgency for tailored therapeutic interventions that target not only the heart but also other related affected organ systems to effectively treat heart failure as a clinical syndrome that affects and involves multiple organs.
KW - Adipose tissue
KW - Brain
KW - Heart failure
KW - Intestine
KW - Kidney
KW - Liver
KW - Lung
KW - Multi-organ clinical syndrome
KW - Non-coding RNAs
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118627836&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvab009
DO - https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvab009
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33483724
SN - 0008-6363
VL - 117
SP - 2416
EP - 2433
JO - Cardiovascular research
JF - Cardiovascular research
IS - 12
ER -