Review of dermal effects and uptake of petroleum hydrocarbons

The extent of dermal absorption of petroleum hydrocarbons was studied. The experimentally determined absorption from aqueous solutions were several orders of magnitude higher than the absorption after dermal exposure to either a neat chemical or a petroleum product such as a jet fuel. Dermal exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons, even following long-term exposures, e.g., in occupational settings, will not cause systemic toxicity under normal working conditions and assuming an intact skin barrier. Skin contact with some petroleum products may cause skin irritation, resulting in dermatitis, particularly after repeated or prolonged exposure. The skin barrier function may be affected following repeated contact with petroleum hydrocarbons, making the skin potentially more susceptible to other irritants, sensitizing agents, and bacteria. The impaired skin barrier may lead to increased dermal penetration of hydrocarbons and other substances.