TY - JOUR
T1 - SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence and correlates of six ethnic groups living in Amsterdam, the Netherlands
T2 - A population-based cross-sectional study, June-October 2020
AU - Coyer, Liza
AU - Boyd, Anders
AU - Schinkel, Janke
AU - Agyemang, Charles
AU - Galenkamp, Henrike
AU - Koopman, Anitra D. M.
AU - Leenstra, Tjalling
AU - Moll van Charante, Eric P.
AU - Lok, Anja
AU - Verhoeff, Arnoud
AU - Zwinderman, Aeilko H.
AU - Jurriaans, Suzanne
AU - van Vught, Lonneke A.
AU - Stronks, Karien
AU - Prins, Maria
AU - van den Born, Bert-Jan H.
N1 - Funding Information: 5Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 6Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 7Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 8Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Center for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 9Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 10Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion and Healthcare Innovation, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 11Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 12Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge the HELIUS COVID-19 study participants for their contribution and the HELIUS team for data collection and management. They would also like to thank Anton Janssen for providing population tables. Contributors MP, KS, JS and CA conceived, designed or oversaw the study. MP was responsible for the overall content as a guarantor. HG, ADMK and JS were involved in the acquisition of data. LC and AB conducted the statistical analysis. LC, AB and MP drafted the manuscript. LC, AB, JS, CA, HG, ADMK, TL, EPMvC, B-JHvdB, AL, AV, AHZ, SJ, LAvV, KS and MP all contributed to interpretation of the data, provided feedback on the initial draft for revision and approved the final manuscript. Funding This work was supported by ZonMw (10430022010002) and the Public Health Service of Amsterdam. The HELIUS study is conducted by Amsterdam UMC, location Academic Medical Center, and the Public Health Service of Amsterdam. Both organisations provided core support for HELIUS. The HELIUS study is also funded by the Dutch Heart Foundation (2010 T084), ZonMw (200500003), the European Union (FP-7) (278901) and the European Fund for the Integration of non-EU Immigrants (EIF) (2013EIF013). Publisher Copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
PY - 2022/1/6
Y1 - 2022/1/6
N2 - Objectives It has been suggested that ethnic minorities have been disproportionally affected by the COVID-19. We aimed to determine whether prevalence and correlates of past SARS-CoV-2 exposure varied between six ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Design, setting, participants Participants aged 25-79 years enrolled in the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting population-based prospective cohort (n=16 889) were randomly selected within ethnic groups and invited to participate in a cross-sectional COVID-19 seroprevalence substudy. Outcome measures We tested participants for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and collected information on SARS-CoV-2 exposures. We estimated prevalence and correlates of SARS-CoV-2 exposure within ethnic groups using survey-weighted logistic regression adjusting for age, sex and calendar time. Results Between 24 June and 9 October 2020, we included 2497 participants. Adjusted SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was comparable between ethnic Dutch (24/498; 5.1%, 95% CI 2.8% to 7.4%), South-Asian Surinamese (22/451; 4.9%, 95% CI 2.2% to 7.7%), African Surinamese (22/400; 8.3%, 95% CI 3.1% to 13.6%), Turkish (30/408; 7.9%, 95% CI 4.4% to 11.4%) and Moroccan (32/391; 7.2%, 95% CI 4.2% to 10.1%) participants, but higher among Ghanaians (95/327; 26.3%, 95% CI 18.5% to 34.0%). 57.1% of SARS-CoV-2-positive participants did not suspect or were unsure of being infected, which was lowest in African Surinamese (18.2%) and highest in Ghanaians (90.5%). Correlates of SARS-CoV-2 exposure varied across ethnic groups, while the most common correlate was having a household member suspected of infection. In Ghanaians, seropositivity was associated with older age, larger household sizes, living with small children, leaving home to work and attending religious services. Conclusions No remarkable differences in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence were observed between the largest ethnic groups in Amsterdam after the first wave of infections. The higher infection seroprevalence observed among Ghanaians, which passed mostly unnoticed, warrants wider prevention efforts and opportunities for non-symptom-based testing.
AB - Objectives It has been suggested that ethnic minorities have been disproportionally affected by the COVID-19. We aimed to determine whether prevalence and correlates of past SARS-CoV-2 exposure varied between six ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Design, setting, participants Participants aged 25-79 years enrolled in the Healthy Life in an Urban Setting population-based prospective cohort (n=16 889) were randomly selected within ethnic groups and invited to participate in a cross-sectional COVID-19 seroprevalence substudy. Outcome measures We tested participants for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies and collected information on SARS-CoV-2 exposures. We estimated prevalence and correlates of SARS-CoV-2 exposure within ethnic groups using survey-weighted logistic regression adjusting for age, sex and calendar time. Results Between 24 June and 9 October 2020, we included 2497 participants. Adjusted SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was comparable between ethnic Dutch (24/498; 5.1%, 95% CI 2.8% to 7.4%), South-Asian Surinamese (22/451; 4.9%, 95% CI 2.2% to 7.7%), African Surinamese (22/400; 8.3%, 95% CI 3.1% to 13.6%), Turkish (30/408; 7.9%, 95% CI 4.4% to 11.4%) and Moroccan (32/391; 7.2%, 95% CI 4.2% to 10.1%) participants, but higher among Ghanaians (95/327; 26.3%, 95% CI 18.5% to 34.0%). 57.1% of SARS-CoV-2-positive participants did not suspect or were unsure of being infected, which was lowest in African Surinamese (18.2%) and highest in Ghanaians (90.5%). Correlates of SARS-CoV-2 exposure varied across ethnic groups, while the most common correlate was having a household member suspected of infection. In Ghanaians, seropositivity was associated with older age, larger household sizes, living with small children, leaving home to work and attending religious services. Conclusions No remarkable differences in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence were observed between the largest ethnic groups in Amsterdam after the first wave of infections. The higher infection seroprevalence observed among Ghanaians, which passed mostly unnoticed, warrants wider prevention efforts and opportunities for non-symptom-based testing.
KW - COVID-19
KW - epidemiology
KW - infection control
KW - public health
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122916637&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/68945546/bmjopen_2021_052752supp001_data_supplement.pdf
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052752
DO - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052752
M3 - Article
C2 - 34992110
SN - 2044-6055
VL - 12
JO - BMJ Open
JF - BMJ Open
IS - 1
M1 - e052752
ER -