Short and long-term effects of systemic hydrocortisone in ventilated very preterm infants

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication in survivors of preterm birth. About 30% of infants with a birthweight of less than 1500 grams develop BPD, leading to an increased risk of long-term adverse pulmonary and neurological sequela. The pathogenesis of BPD is multifactorial, but amplified pulmonary inflammation plays a critical role in its pathogenesis.