TY - JOUR
T1 - Skin metabolism phase I and phase II enzymes in native and reconstructed human skin
T2 - a short review
AU - Kazem, Siamaque
AU - Linssen, Emma Charlotte
AU - Gibbs, Susan
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Dutch NWO Domain Applied and Engineering Sciences (AES); TTW NextSkin, project number: 15581. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Authors
PY - 2019/9/1
Y1 - 2019/9/1
N2 - Understanding skin metabolism is important when considering drug discovery and safety assessment. This review compares xenobiotic skin metabolism in ex vivo skin to reconstructed human skin and reconstructed human epidermis models, concentrating on phase I and phase II enzymes. Reports on phase I enzymes are more abundant than for phase II enzymes with mRNA and protein expression far more reported than enzyme activity. Almost all of the xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes detected in human skin are also present in liver. However, in general the relative levels are lower in skin than in liver and fewer enzymes are reported.
AB - Understanding skin metabolism is important when considering drug discovery and safety assessment. This review compares xenobiotic skin metabolism in ex vivo skin to reconstructed human skin and reconstructed human epidermis models, concentrating on phase I and phase II enzymes. Reports on phase I enzymes are more abundant than for phase II enzymes with mRNA and protein expression far more reported than enzyme activity. Almost all of the xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes detected in human skin are also present in liver. However, in general the relative levels are lower in skin than in liver and fewer enzymes are reported.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85067278717&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2019.06.002
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2019.06.002
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31176740
SN - 1359-6446
VL - 24
SP - 1899
EP - 1910
JO - Drug Discovery Today
JF - Drug Discovery Today
IS - 9
ER -
