The EASL–Lancet Liver Commission: protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality

Tom H. Karlsen; Nick Sheron; Shira Zelber-Sagi; Patrizia Carrieri; Geoffrey Dusheiko; Elisabetta Bugianesi; Rachel Pryke; Sharon J. Hutchinson; Bruno Sangro; Natasha K. Martin; Michele Cecchini; Mae Ashworth Dirac; Annalisa Belloni; Miquel Serra-Burriel; Cyriel Y. Ponsioen; Brittney Sheena; Alienor Lerouge; Marion Devaux; Nick Scott; Margaret Hellard; Henkjan J. Verkade; Ekkehard Sturm; Giulio Marchesini; Hannele Yki-Järvinen; Chris D. Byrne; Giovanni Targher; Aviad Tur-Sinai; Damon Barrett; Michael Ninburg; Tatjana Reic; Alison Taylor; Tim Rhodes; Carla Treloar; Claus Petersen; Christoph Schramm; Robert Flisiak; Marieta Y. Simonova; Albert Pares; Philip Johnson; Alessandro Cucchetti; Isabel Graupera; Christos Lionis; Elisa Pose; N. ria Fabrellas; Ann T. Ma; Juan M. Mendive; Vincenzo Mazzaferro; Harry Rutter; Helena Cortez-Pinto; Deirdre Kelly; Robyn Burton; Jeffrey V. Lazarus; Pere Ginès; Maria Buti; Philip N. Newsome; Patrizia Burra; Michael P. Manns

doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01701-3

The EASL–Lancet Liver Commission: protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality

Tom H. Karlsen, Nick Sheron, Shira Zelber-Sagi, Patrizia Carrieri, Geoffrey Dusheiko, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Rachel Pryke, Sharon J. Hutchinson, Bruno Sangro, Natasha K. Martin, Michele Cecchini, Mae Ashworth Dirac, Annalisa Belloni, Miquel Serra-Burriel, Cyriel Y. Ponsioen, Brittney Sheena, Alienor Lerouge, Marion Devaux, Nick Scott, Margaret HellardHenkjan J. Verkade, Ekkehard Sturm, Giulio Marchesini, Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Chris D. Byrne, Giovanni Targher, Aviad Tur-Sinai, Damon Barrett, Michael Ninburg, Tatjana Reic, Alison Taylor, Tim Rhodes, Carla Treloar, Claus Petersen, Christoph Schramm, Robert Flisiak, Marieta Y. Simonova, Albert Pares, Philip Johnson, Alessandro Cucchetti, Isabel Graupera, Christos Lionis, Elisa Pose, N. ria Fabrellas, Ann T. Ma, Juan M. Mendive, Vincenzo Mazzaferro, Harry Rutter, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Deirdre Kelly, Robyn Burton, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Pere Ginès, Maria Buti, Philip N. Newsome, Patrizia Burra, Michael P. Manns

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › Academic › peer-review

259 Citations (Scopus)

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	61-116
Number of pages	56
Journal	The Lancet
Volume	399
Issue number	10319
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01701-3
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2022

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https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01701-3

Cite this

Karlsen, T. H., Sheron, N., Zelber-Sagi, S., Carrieri, P., Dusheiko, G., Bugianesi, E., Pryke, R., Hutchinson, S. J., Sangro, B., Martin, N. K., Cecchini, M., Dirac, M. A., Belloni, A., Serra-Burriel, M., Ponsioen, C. Y., Sheena, B., Lerouge, A., Devaux, M., Scott, N., ... Manns, M. P. (2022). The EASL–Lancet Liver Commission: protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality. The Lancet, 399(10319), 61-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01701-3

@article{ad4a3c01b02e40c49bbac1fd327f8484,

title = "The EASL–Lancet Liver Commission: protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality",

author = "Karlsen, {Tom H.} and Nick Sheron and Shira Zelber-Sagi and Patrizia Carrieri and Geoffrey Dusheiko and Elisabetta Bugianesi and Rachel Pryke and Hutchinson, {Sharon J.} and Bruno Sangro and Martin, {Natasha K.} and Michele Cecchini and Dirac, {Mae Ashworth} and Annalisa Belloni and Miquel Serra-Burriel and Ponsioen, {Cyriel Y.} and Brittney Sheena and Alienor Lerouge and Marion Devaux and Nick Scott and Margaret Hellard and Verkade, {Henkjan J.} and Ekkehard Sturm and Giulio Marchesini and Hannele Yki-J{\"a}rvinen and Byrne, {Chris D.} and Giovanni Targher and Aviad Tur-Sinai and Damon Barrett and Michael Ninburg and Tatjana Reic and Alison Taylor and Tim Rhodes and Carla Treloar and Claus Petersen and Christoph Schramm and Robert Flisiak and Simonova, {Marieta Y.} and Albert Pares and Philip Johnson and Alessandro Cucchetti and Isabel Graupera and Christos Lionis and Elisa Pose and Fabrellas, {N. ria} and Ma, {Ann T.} and Mendive, {Juan M.} and Vincenzo Mazzaferro and Harry Rutter and Helena Cortez-Pinto and Deirdre Kelly and Robyn Burton and Lazarus, {Jeffrey V.} and Pere Gin{\`e}s and Maria Buti and Newsome, {Philip N.} and Patrizia Burra and Manns, {Michael P.}",

note = "Funding Information: We dedicate this work to the memory of Roger Williams, in following up on his tireless efforts for the Lancet Commission on liver disease in the UK. The opinions expressed and arguments used herein are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development or of its member countries. We thank Christian Kuschel for work on the development of the HCV economic model. We thank Commissioners Angelos Hatzakis and Marina Maevskaya for useful discussions. We thank Neil Guha for helpful input to the primary care sections. We thank Nikolai Pushkarev and Peter Rice for helpful discussions on the recommendations of the Commission. We thank medical illustrator Kari Toverud for graphical assistance in developing figures 4, 15, and 19. We thank Ansgar Lohse for helpful discussions on the role of the European Reference Network for rare liver diseases (RARE-LIVER) and the RARE-LIVER team for relevant administrative support. We thank Vincent Karam and the European Liver Transplant Registry for providing detailed output when requested. We thank Sofia Blomqvist, Margaret Walker, Frauke Degenhardt, and Marit M{\ae}hle Grimsrud for technical assistance. We thank the EASL office for support in organising the physical meetings of the Commission and in administering the many formal and informal surveys performed. We thank Sabine Kleinert for invaluable supervision. We thank Camila Picchio, Adam Palayew, and Danielle Guy for input to early drafts of stigma-related report sections. JVL acknowledges support to ISGlobal from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023 Programme (CEX2018-000806-S) and from the Government of Catalonia through the CERCA Programme. This Commission uses data from SHARE Wave 7. The SHARE data collection has been funded by the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193; COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857; SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812), FP7 (SHARE-PREP: GA N°211909; SHARE-LEAP: GA N°227822; SHARE M4: GA N°261982; DASISH: GA N°283646), and Horizon 2020 (SHARE-DEV3: GA N°676536; SHARE-COHESION: GA N°870628; SERISS: GA N°654221; SSHOC: GA N°823782) and by DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and Research, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the US National Institute on Aging (U01_AG09740-13S2; P01_AG005842; P01_AG08291; P30_AG12815; R21_AG025169; Y1-AG-4553-01; IAG_BSR06-11; OGHA_04-064; HHSN271201300071C), and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged. PC acknowledges support by the French National Agency for HIV, hepatitis and emerging infectious diseases research (ANRS / EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES). We thank Yossi Harel-Fisch and Riki Tesler for their help in providing HBSC data and their support in the analysis of these data. We thank Carina Ferreira-Borges and colleagues for approval to reprint the supplementary figure in the appendix (p 32). Funding Information: We dedicate this work to the memory of Roger Williams, in following up on his tireless efforts for the Lancet Commission on liver disease in the UK. The opinions expressed and arguments used herein are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development or of its member countries. We thank Christian Kuschel for work on the development of the HCV economic model. We thank Commissioners Angelos Hatzakis and Marina Maevskaya for useful discussions. We thank Neil Guha for helpful input to the primary care sections. We thank Nikolai Pushkarev and Peter Rice for helpful discussions on the recommendations of the Commission. We thank medical illustrator Kari Toverud for graphical assistance in developing figures 4, 15, and 19. We thank Ansgar Lohse for helpful discussions on the role of the European Reference Network for rare liver diseases (RARE-LIVER) and the RARE-LIVER team for relevant administrative support. We thank Vincent Karam and the European Liver Transplant Registry for providing detailed output when requested. We thank Sofia Blomqvist, Margaret Walker, Frauke Degenhardt, and Marit M{\ae}hle Grimsrud for technical assistance. We thank the EASL office for support in organising the physical meetings of the Commission and in administering the many formal and informal surveys performed. We thank Sabine Kleinert for invaluable supervision. We thank Camila Picchio, Adam Palayew, and Danielle Guy for input to early drafts of stigma-related report sections. JVL acknowledges support to ISGlobal from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023 Programme (CEX2018-000806-S) and from the Government of Catalonia through the CERCA Programme. This Commission uses data from SHARE Wave 7. The SHARE data collection has been funded by the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193; COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857; SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812), FP7 (SHARE-PREP: GA N°211909; SHARE-LEAP: GA N°227822; SHARE M4: GA N°261982; DASISH: GA N°283646), and Horizon 2020 (SHARE-DEV3: GA N°676536; SHARE-COHESION: GA N°870628; SERISS: GA N°654221; SSHOC: GA N°823782) and by DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and Research, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the US National Institute on Aging (U01_AG09740-13S2; P01_AG005842; P01_AG08291; P30_AG12815; R21_AG025169; Y1-AG-4553-01; IAG_BSR06-11; OGHA_04-064; HHSN271201300071C), and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged. PC acknowledges support by the French National Agency for HIV, hepatitis and emerging infectious diseases research (ANRS / EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES). We thank Yossi Harel-Fisch and Riki Tesler for their help in providing HBSC data and their support in the analysis of these data. We thank Carina Ferreira-Borges and colleagues for approval to reprint the supplementary figure in the appendix (p 32) . Funding Information: IG received support from Fundacion de Investigacion sanitaria and was cofunded by Instituto Carlos III for the present manuscript; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences, Intercept, and AbbVie; and support for attending meetings or travel from Intercept and Gilead Sciences. EB received grants or contracts from Gilead Sciences; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences and Novo Nordisk; and participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead Sciences, Intercept, Inventiva, and Novo Nordisk. MC received grants or contracts and support for attending meetings or travel from the OECD programme of work for public health. RF received grants or contracts from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, Roche, and Merck Sharp & Dohme; consulting fees from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, Janssen, and Pfizer; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and AdamedPG; and support for attending meetings or travel from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, and Merck Sharp & Dohme. JVL received grants or contracts from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Intercept, Janssen, and Merck Sharp & Dohme. AL received grants or contracts from the OECD programme of work for public health, which is supported by Ministries of Health, National Governmental Institutions, and intergovernmental organisations, as well as support to present results from OECD analyses to meetings, seminars, and workshops. CL received grants or contracts from the University of Oxford, UK National Centre for Smoking Cessation and Training, and Horizon 2020 of the European Commission; received royalties or licenses from and has patents planned, issued, or pending with Olvos Science (Cretan Iama); received payment for expert testimony from WHO and the European Commission; and participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer Hellas, Vianex. MPM received grants or contracts from AbbVie, Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Intercept, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Roche; received consulting fees from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Intercept, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, and Roche; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Roche; received support for attending meetings or travel from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Roche; participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Eiger, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, and Roche; and is Associate Editor for Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. NKM received grants or contracts from Merck Sharp & Dohme and Gilead Sciences. MN received grants or contracts from Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme, AbbVie, and Janssen; and was President of the World Hepatitis Alliance (2018–20). CYP received grants or contracts from Takeda, Pliant, and Gilead Sciences; consulting fees from Pliant and Shire (Takeda); and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Takeda, Tillotts Pharma, and Pfizer. BSa received grants or contracts from Bristol Myers Squibb and Sirtex Medical; received consulting fees from Adaptimmune, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, BTG, Sirtex Medical, TERUMO, H3 Biomedicine, Incyte, Ipsen, Lilly, and Roche; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Sirtex Medical, TERUMO, Incyte, and Ipsen; and participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Adaptimmune, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, BTG, Sirtex Medical, TERUMO, H3 Biomedicine, Incyte, Ipsen, Lilly, and Roche. CS received grants or contracts from BiomX and Galapagos; consulting fees from BiomX; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Falk Foundation. NSc received grants or contracts from Gilead Sciences. MS-B received grants or contracts from the European Commission. CT received grants or contracts from Merck Sharp & Dohme; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences and AbbVie. RB received consulting fees from WHO. HC-P received consulting fees from Orphalan; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Orphalan, Novo Nordisk, GENFIT, Promethera Biosciences, and Intercept. GD received consulting fees from Aligos Therapeutics, Roche, Arbutus Biopharma, Gilead Sciences, Shionogi, Antios Therapeutics; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences; and participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Janssen, Pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline, and Aligos Therapeutics. THK received consulting fees from Engitix and Intercept; has stock or stock options in Ultimovacs; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences, Novartis, and AlfaSigma; and is on the board of the Biomedical Alliance in Europe. ES received consulting fees from Albireo, Mirum, and Alexion; received support for attending meetings or travel from Astellas; participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Albireo, Alexion, and Mirum; and received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Albireo. PB received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Kedrion Biopharma, Biotest, and Chiesi Farmaceutici. MB received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences and AbbVie. SJH received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences. NF participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Intercept in relation to NAFLD. GM participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Gilead Sciences, Novartis, Pfizer, and AstraZeneca. All other authors declare no competing interests.",

year = "2022",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01701-3",

language = "English",

volume = "399",

pages = "61--116",

journal = "The Lancet",

issn = "0140-6736",

publisher = "Elsevier Limited",

number = "10319",

}

Karlsen, TH, Sheron, N, Zelber-Sagi, S, Carrieri, P, Dusheiko, G, Bugianesi, E, Pryke, R, Hutchinson, SJ, Sangro, B, Martin, NK, Cecchini, M, Dirac, MA, Belloni, A, Serra-Burriel, M, Ponsioen, CY, Sheena, B, Lerouge, A, Devaux, M, Scott, N, Hellard, M, Verkade, HJ, Sturm, E, Marchesini, G, Yki-Järvinen, H, Byrne, CD, Targher, G, Tur-Sinai, A, Barrett, D, Ninburg, M, Reic, T, Taylor, A, Rhodes, T, Treloar, C, Petersen, C, Schramm, C, Flisiak, R, Simonova, MY, Pares, A, Johnson, P, Cucchetti, A, Graupera, I, Lionis, C, Pose, E, Fabrellas, NR, Ma, AT, Mendive, JM, Mazzaferro, V, Rutter, H, Cortez-Pinto, H, Kelly, D, Burton, R, Lazarus, JV, Ginès, P, Buti, M, Newsome, PN, Burra, P & Manns, MP 2022, 'The EASL–Lancet Liver Commission: protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality', The Lancet, vol. 399, no. 10319, pp. 61-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01701-3

TY - JOUR

T1 - The EASL–Lancet Liver Commission

T2 - protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality

AU - Karlsen, Tom H.

AU - Sheron, Nick

AU - Zelber-Sagi, Shira

AU - Carrieri, Patrizia

AU - Dusheiko, Geoffrey

AU - Bugianesi, Elisabetta

AU - Pryke, Rachel

AU - Hutchinson, Sharon J.

AU - Sangro, Bruno

AU - Martin, Natasha K.

AU - Cecchini, Michele

AU - Dirac, Mae Ashworth

AU - Belloni, Annalisa

AU - Serra-Burriel, Miquel

AU - Ponsioen, Cyriel Y.

AU - Sheena, Brittney

AU - Lerouge, Alienor

AU - Devaux, Marion

AU - Scott, Nick

AU - Hellard, Margaret

AU - Verkade, Henkjan J.

AU - Sturm, Ekkehard

AU - Marchesini, Giulio

AU - Yki-Järvinen, Hannele

AU - Byrne, Chris D.

AU - Targher, Giovanni

AU - Tur-Sinai, Aviad

AU - Barrett, Damon

AU - Ninburg, Michael

AU - Reic, Tatjana

AU - Taylor, Alison

AU - Rhodes, Tim

AU - Treloar, Carla

AU - Petersen, Claus

AU - Schramm, Christoph

AU - Flisiak, Robert

AU - Simonova, Marieta Y.

AU - Pares, Albert

AU - Johnson, Philip

AU - Cucchetti, Alessandro

AU - Graupera, Isabel

AU - Lionis, Christos

AU - Pose, Elisa

AU - Fabrellas, N. ria

AU - Ma, Ann T.

AU - Mendive, Juan M.

AU - Mazzaferro, Vincenzo

AU - Rutter, Harry

AU - Cortez-Pinto, Helena

AU - Kelly, Deirdre

AU - Burton, Robyn

AU - Lazarus, Jeffrey V.

AU - Ginès, Pere

AU - Buti, Maria

AU - Newsome, Philip N.

AU - Burra, Patrizia

AU - Manns, Michael P.

N1 - Funding Information: We dedicate this work to the memory of Roger Williams, in following up on his tireless efforts for the Lancet Commission on liver disease in the UK. The opinions expressed and arguments used herein are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development or of its member countries. We thank Christian Kuschel for work on the development of the HCV economic model. We thank Commissioners Angelos Hatzakis and Marina Maevskaya for useful discussions. We thank Neil Guha for helpful input to the primary care sections. We thank Nikolai Pushkarev and Peter Rice for helpful discussions on the recommendations of the Commission. We thank medical illustrator Kari Toverud for graphical assistance in developing figures 4, 15, and 19. We thank Ansgar Lohse for helpful discussions on the role of the European Reference Network for rare liver diseases (RARE-LIVER) and the RARE-LIVER team for relevant administrative support. We thank Vincent Karam and the European Liver Transplant Registry for providing detailed output when requested. We thank Sofia Blomqvist, Margaret Walker, Frauke Degenhardt, and Marit Mæhle Grimsrud for technical assistance. We thank the EASL office for support in organising the physical meetings of the Commission and in administering the many formal and informal surveys performed. We thank Sabine Kleinert for invaluable supervision. We thank Camila Picchio, Adam Palayew, and Danielle Guy for input to early drafts of stigma-related report sections. JVL acknowledges support to ISGlobal from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023 Programme (CEX2018-000806-S) and from the Government of Catalonia through the CERCA Programme. This Commission uses data from SHARE Wave 7. The SHARE data collection has been funded by the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193; COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857; SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812), FP7 (SHARE-PREP: GA N°211909; SHARE-LEAP: GA N°227822; SHARE M4: GA N°261982; DASISH: GA N°283646), and Horizon 2020 (SHARE-DEV3: GA N°676536; SHARE-COHESION: GA N°870628; SERISS: GA N°654221; SSHOC: GA N°823782) and by DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and Research, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the US National Institute on Aging (U01_AG09740-13S2; P01_AG005842; P01_AG08291; P30_AG12815; R21_AG025169; Y1-AG-4553-01; IAG_BSR06-11; OGHA_04-064; HHSN271201300071C), and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged. PC acknowledges support by the French National Agency for HIV, hepatitis and emerging infectious diseases research (ANRS / EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES). We thank Yossi Harel-Fisch and Riki Tesler for their help in providing HBSC data and their support in the analysis of these data. We thank Carina Ferreira-Borges and colleagues for approval to reprint the supplementary figure in the appendix (p 32). Funding Information: We dedicate this work to the memory of Roger Williams, in following up on his tireless efforts for the Lancet Commission on liver disease in the UK. The opinions expressed and arguments used herein are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development or of its member countries. We thank Christian Kuschel for work on the development of the HCV economic model. We thank Commissioners Angelos Hatzakis and Marina Maevskaya for useful discussions. We thank Neil Guha for helpful input to the primary care sections. We thank Nikolai Pushkarev and Peter Rice for helpful discussions on the recommendations of the Commission. We thank medical illustrator Kari Toverud for graphical assistance in developing figures 4, 15, and 19. We thank Ansgar Lohse for helpful discussions on the role of the European Reference Network for rare liver diseases (RARE-LIVER) and the RARE-LIVER team for relevant administrative support. We thank Vincent Karam and the European Liver Transplant Registry for providing detailed output when requested. We thank Sofia Blomqvist, Margaret Walker, Frauke Degenhardt, and Marit Mæhle Grimsrud for technical assistance. We thank the EASL office for support in organising the physical meetings of the Commission and in administering the many formal and informal surveys performed. We thank Sabine Kleinert for invaluable supervision. We thank Camila Picchio, Adam Palayew, and Danielle Guy for input to early drafts of stigma-related report sections. JVL acknowledges support to ISGlobal from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023 Programme (CEX2018-000806-S) and from the Government of Catalonia through the CERCA Programme. This Commission uses data from SHARE Wave 7. The SHARE data collection has been funded by the European Commission through FP5 (QLK6-CT-2001-00360), FP6 (SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193; COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857; SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812), FP7 (SHARE-PREP: GA N°211909; SHARE-LEAP: GA N°227822; SHARE M4: GA N°261982; DASISH: GA N°283646), and Horizon 2020 (SHARE-DEV3: GA N°676536; SHARE-COHESION: GA N°870628; SERISS: GA N°654221; SSHOC: GA N°823782) and by DG Employment, Social Affairs & Inclusion. Additional funding from the German Ministry of Education and Research, the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, the US National Institute on Aging (U01_AG09740-13S2; P01_AG005842; P01_AG08291; P30_AG12815; R21_AG025169; Y1-AG-4553-01; IAG_BSR06-11; OGHA_04-064; HHSN271201300071C), and from various national funding sources is gratefully acknowledged. PC acknowledges support by the French National Agency for HIV, hepatitis and emerging infectious diseases research (ANRS / EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES). We thank Yossi Harel-Fisch and Riki Tesler for their help in providing HBSC data and their support in the analysis of these data. We thank Carina Ferreira-Borges and colleagues for approval to reprint the supplementary figure in the appendix (p 32) . Funding Information: IG received support from Fundacion de Investigacion sanitaria and was cofunded by Instituto Carlos III for the present manuscript; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences, Intercept, and AbbVie; and support for attending meetings or travel from Intercept and Gilead Sciences. EB received grants or contracts from Gilead Sciences; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences and Novo Nordisk; and participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead Sciences, Intercept, Inventiva, and Novo Nordisk. MC received grants or contracts and support for attending meetings or travel from the OECD programme of work for public health. RF received grants or contracts from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, Roche, and Merck Sharp & Dohme; consulting fees from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, Janssen, and Pfizer; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and AdamedPG; and support for attending meetings or travel from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, and Merck Sharp & Dohme. JVL received grants or contracts from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Intercept, Janssen, and Merck Sharp & Dohme. AL received grants or contracts from the OECD programme of work for public health, which is supported by Ministries of Health, National Governmental Institutions, and intergovernmental organisations, as well as support to present results from OECD analyses to meetings, seminars, and workshops. CL received grants or contracts from the University of Oxford, UK National Centre for Smoking Cessation and Training, and Horizon 2020 of the European Commission; received royalties or licenses from and has patents planned, issued, or pending with Olvos Science (Cretan Iama); received payment for expert testimony from WHO and the European Commission; and participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer Hellas, Vianex. MPM received grants or contracts from AbbVie, Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Intercept, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Roche; received consulting fees from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Intercept, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, and Roche; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Roche; received support for attending meetings or travel from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Roche; participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Eiger, Dr Falk Pharma, Gilead Sciences, and Roche; and is Associate Editor for Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. NKM received grants or contracts from Merck Sharp & Dohme and Gilead Sciences. MN received grants or contracts from Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme, AbbVie, and Janssen; and was President of the World Hepatitis Alliance (2018–20). CYP received grants or contracts from Takeda, Pliant, and Gilead Sciences; consulting fees from Pliant and Shire (Takeda); and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Takeda, Tillotts Pharma, and Pfizer. BSa received grants or contracts from Bristol Myers Squibb and Sirtex Medical; received consulting fees from Adaptimmune, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, BTG, Sirtex Medical, TERUMO, H3 Biomedicine, Incyte, Ipsen, Lilly, and Roche; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Sirtex Medical, TERUMO, Incyte, and Ipsen; and participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Adaptimmune, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, BTG, Sirtex Medical, TERUMO, H3 Biomedicine, Incyte, Ipsen, Lilly, and Roche. CS received grants or contracts from BiomX and Galapagos; consulting fees from BiomX; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Falk Foundation. NSc received grants or contracts from Gilead Sciences. MS-B received grants or contracts from the European Commission. CT received grants or contracts from Merck Sharp & Dohme; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences and AbbVie. RB received consulting fees from WHO. HC-P received consulting fees from Orphalan; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Orphalan, Novo Nordisk, GENFIT, Promethera Biosciences, and Intercept. GD received consulting fees from Aligos Therapeutics, Roche, Arbutus Biopharma, Gilead Sciences, Shionogi, Antios Therapeutics; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences; and participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Janssen, Pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline, and Aligos Therapeutics. THK received consulting fees from Engitix and Intercept; has stock or stock options in Ultimovacs; received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences, Novartis, and AlfaSigma; and is on the board of the Biomedical Alliance in Europe. ES received consulting fees from Albireo, Mirum, and Alexion; received support for attending meetings or travel from Astellas; participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Albireo, Alexion, and Mirum; and received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Albireo. PB received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Kedrion Biopharma, Biotest, and Chiesi Farmaceutici. MB received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences and AbbVie. SJH received payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers' bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead Sciences. NF participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Intercept in relation to NAFLD. GM participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards or advisory boards for Gilead Sciences, Novartis, Pfizer, and AstraZeneca. All other authors declare no competing interests.

PY - 2022/1/1

Y1 - 2022/1/1

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121502917&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01701-3

DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01701-3

M3 - Review article

C2 - 34863359

SN - 0140-6736

VL - 399

SP - 61

EP - 116

JO - The Lancet

JF - The Lancet

IS - 10319

ER -

The EASL–Lancet Liver Commission: protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality

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