TY - JOUR
T1 - The epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in EU/EEA countries, 2004-2014
AU - Whittaker, Robert
AU - Dias, Joana Gomes
AU - Ramliden, Miriam
AU - Ködmön, Csaba
AU - Economopoulou, Assimoula
AU - Beer, Netta
AU - Pastore Celentano, Lucia
AU - AUTHOR GROUP
AU - Kanitz, Elisabeth
AU - Richter, Lukas
AU - Mattheus, Wesley
AU - Bleyenheuft, Corinne
AU - Georgieva, Teodora
AU - Simeonovski, Ivan
AU - Vučina, Vesna Višekruna
AU - Filipović, Sanja Kurečić
AU - Koliou, Maria
AU - Bagatzouni, Despo Pieridou
AU - Krizova, Pavla
AU - Sebestova, Helena
AU - Hoffmann, Steen
AU - Valentiner-Branth, Palle
AU - Kerbo, Natalia
AU - Peetso, Rita
AU - Kuusi, Markku
AU - Toropainen, Maija
AU - Parent, Isabelle
AU - Taha, Muhamed-Kheir
AU - Vogel, Ulrich
AU - Hellenbrand, Wiebke
AU - Georgakopoulou, Theano
AU - Tzanakaki, Georgina
AU - Krisztalovics, Katalin
AU - Tirczka, Tamás
AU - Gudnason, Thorolfur
AU - Hardardottir, Hjordis
AU - O'Lorcain, Piaras
AU - Bennett, Desiree
AU - D'Ancona, Fortunato
AU - Stefanelli, Paola
AU - Savrasova, Larissa
AU - Vasilevska, Darja
AU - Kuprevičienė, Nerija
AU - Liausedienė, Rasa
AU - Demuth, Irène
AU - Scheiden, Gérard
AU - Melillo, Jackie Maistre
AU - Caruana, Paul
AU - van der Ende, Arie
AU - Mollema, Liesbeth
AU - Caugant, Dominique
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a major cause of bacterial meningitis and septicaemia although infection by some serogroups may be prevented through vaccination. We aimed to describe the epidemiology of IMD in EU/EEA countries during 2004-2014 to monitor serogroup- and age-specific trends, and compare country trends by the period of meningococcal C conjugate (MCC) vaccine introduction. We analysed IMD surveillance data by age, gender, serogroup, country and outcome. We estimated the percentage change in annual notification rate (NR), using linear regression analysis of the log of the annual NR. We grouped countries by the year they introduced MCC vaccination into their routine immunisation programmes. The overall NR was 0.9/100 000 population, and decreased 6.6% (95%CI: -8.0%;-5.1%) annually. Infants had the highest NR (16.0/100 000), and there were decreasing trends in all age groups <50years. Serogroup B (SgB) caused 74% of all cases, and the majority of cases in all age groups. There were decreasing trends in SgB and serogroup C (SgC) and an increasing trend in serogroup Y. Countries that introduced MCC vaccination before, and between 2004 and 2014, had decreasing trends in NR of SgC, but not countries without routine MCC vaccination. Our findings support evidence that routine MCC vaccination was the driving force behind the decreasing SgC trend. Vaccinating against SgB in the first year of life could help reduce the burden of IMD due to this serogroup. Changing serogroup-specific NR trends highlight the need for high-quality surveillance data to accurately assess the changing epidemiology of IMD, the effectiveness and impact of implemented vaccines, and the need for future vaccines
AB - Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a major cause of bacterial meningitis and septicaemia although infection by some serogroups may be prevented through vaccination. We aimed to describe the epidemiology of IMD in EU/EEA countries during 2004-2014 to monitor serogroup- and age-specific trends, and compare country trends by the period of meningococcal C conjugate (MCC) vaccine introduction. We analysed IMD surveillance data by age, gender, serogroup, country and outcome. We estimated the percentage change in annual notification rate (NR), using linear regression analysis of the log of the annual NR. We grouped countries by the year they introduced MCC vaccination into their routine immunisation programmes. The overall NR was 0.9/100 000 population, and decreased 6.6% (95%CI: -8.0%;-5.1%) annually. Infants had the highest NR (16.0/100 000), and there were decreasing trends in all age groups <50years. Serogroup B (SgB) caused 74% of all cases, and the majority of cases in all age groups. There were decreasing trends in SgB and serogroup C (SgC) and an increasing trend in serogroup Y. Countries that introduced MCC vaccination before, and between 2004 and 2014, had decreasing trends in NR of SgC, but not countries without routine MCC vaccination. Our findings support evidence that routine MCC vaccination was the driving force behind the decreasing SgC trend. Vaccinating against SgB in the first year of life could help reduce the burden of IMD due to this serogroup. Changing serogroup-specific NR trends highlight the need for high-quality surveillance data to accurately assess the changing epidemiology of IMD, the effectiveness and impact of implemented vaccines, and the need for future vaccines
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.007
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.007
M3 - Article
C2 - 28314560
SN - 0264-410X
VL - 35
SP - 2034
EP - 2041
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
IS - 16
ER -