Abstract
AIM: To assess longitudinally whether smoking tobacco is related to muscle strength in healthy adults and to assess the influence of lifestyle covariates on this relation.
METHODS: Data were obtained from the observational Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study, with four repeated measurements at the ages of 21 (n = 181), 27 (n = 144), 32 (n = 426) and 36 (n = 373) years. Knee muscle strength (KMS) was measured at an angle of 300° per second. Smoking and the covariates physical activity and dietary intake were assessed with a questionnaire. Other covariates included physical fitness and body fat percentage. Cardiopulmonary fitness was assessed with a maximal running test and body fatness with skinfold measurements. Sex-specific longitudinal analyses were carried out using generalized estimating equations.
RESULTS: In men and women, an inverse relationship between smoking tobacco and KMS was found. Smoking 100 g of tobacco a week resulted in a reduction of 2.9% in KMS in men and a reduction of 5.0% in women. This relation existed largely independently of lifestyle covariates.
CONCLUSION: This study indicates that smoking is inversely related to skeletal muscle strength in healthy adults.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 70-75 D |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | European Addiction Research |
| Volume | 18 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2012 |
Keywords
- Adipose Tissue
- Adult
- Diet
- Exercise Test
- Female
- Humans
- Journal Article
- Life Style
- Longitudinal Studies
- Male
- Motor Activity
- Muscle Strength
- Netherlands
- Physical Fitness
- Sex Factors
- Skinfold Thickness
- Smoking
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Young Adult
