TY - JOUR
T1 - Which conditions should be considered as disorders in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) designation of "other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors"?
AU - Brand, Matthias
AU - Rumpf, Hans-J. rgen
AU - Demetrovics, Zsolt
AU - Müller, Astrid
AU - Stark, Rudolf
AU - King, Daniel L.
AU - Goudriaan, Anna E.
AU - Mann, Karl
AU - Trotzke, Patrick
AU - Fineberg, Naomi A.
AU - Chamberlain, Samuel R.
AU - Kraus, Shane W.
AU - Wegmann, Elisa
AU - Billieux, JoËl
AU - Potenza, Marc N.
N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgments: This article/publication is based upon work from COST Action CA16207 “European Network for Problematic Usage of the Internet”, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology), www.cost.eu/. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s).
PY - 2022/6/30
Y1 - 2022/6/30
N2 - Background: Gambling and gaming disorders have been included as "disorders due to addictive behaviors"in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Other problematic behaviors may be considered as "other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors (6C5Y)."Methods: Narrative review, experts' opinions. Results: We suggest the following meta-level criteria for considering potential addictive behaviors as fulfilling the category of "other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors": 1. Clinical relevance: Empirical evidence from multiple scientific studies demonstrates that the specific potential addictive behavior is clinically relevant and individuals experience negative consequences and functional impairments in daily life due to the problematic and potentially addictive behavior. 2. Theoretical embedding: Current theories and theoretical models belonging to the field of research on addictive behaviors describe and explain most appropriately the candidate phenomenon of a potential addictive behavior. 3. Empirical evidence: Data based on self-reports, clinical interviews, surveys, behavioral experiments, and, if available, biological investigations (neural, physiological, genetic) suggest that psychological (and neurobiological) mechanisms involved in other addictive behaviors are also valid for the candidate phenomenon. Varying degrees of support for problematic forms of pornography use, buying and shopping, and use of social networks are available. These conditions may fit the category of "other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors". Conclusion: It is important not to over-pathologize everyday-life behavior while concurrently not trivializing conditions that are of clinical importance and that deserve public health considerations. The proposed meta-level-criteria may help guide both research efforts and clinical practice.
AB - Background: Gambling and gaming disorders have been included as "disorders due to addictive behaviors"in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Other problematic behaviors may be considered as "other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors (6C5Y)."Methods: Narrative review, experts' opinions. Results: We suggest the following meta-level criteria for considering potential addictive behaviors as fulfilling the category of "other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors": 1. Clinical relevance: Empirical evidence from multiple scientific studies demonstrates that the specific potential addictive behavior is clinically relevant and individuals experience negative consequences and functional impairments in daily life due to the problematic and potentially addictive behavior. 2. Theoretical embedding: Current theories and theoretical models belonging to the field of research on addictive behaviors describe and explain most appropriately the candidate phenomenon of a potential addictive behavior. 3. Empirical evidence: Data based on self-reports, clinical interviews, surveys, behavioral experiments, and, if available, biological investigations (neural, physiological, genetic) suggest that psychological (and neurobiological) mechanisms involved in other addictive behaviors are also valid for the candidate phenomenon. Varying degrees of support for problematic forms of pornography use, buying and shopping, and use of social networks are available. These conditions may fit the category of "other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors". Conclusion: It is important not to over-pathologize everyday-life behavior while concurrently not trivializing conditions that are of clinical importance and that deserve public health considerations. The proposed meta-level-criteria may help guide both research efforts and clinical practice.
KW - Addictive behaviors
KW - ICD-11
KW - buying-shopping disorder
KW - pornography-use disorder
KW - problematic social-network use
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85137808783&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00035
DO - https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00035
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32634114
SN - 2062-5871
VL - 11
SP - 150
EP - 159
JO - Journal of behavioral addictions
JF - Journal of behavioral addictions
IS - 2
ER -