TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between depression, lifestyle and brain structure
T2 - A longitudinal MRI study
AU - Binnewies, Julia
AU - Nawijn, Laura
AU - van Tol, Marie José
AU - van der Wee, Nic J.A.
AU - Veltman, Dick J.
AU - Penninx, Brenda W.J.H.
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by Lifebrain, funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant number 732592 ). The infrastructure for the NESDA study ( www.nesda.nl ) is funded through the Geestkracht program of the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw, grant number 10‐000‐1002 ) and financial contributions by participating universities and mental health care organizations (VU University Medical Center, GGZ inGeest, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, GGZ Rivierduinen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Lentis, GGZ Friesland, GGZ Drenthe, Rob Giel Onderzoekscentrum). The authors would like to thank the participants of the NESDA study, and the staff involved in data collection and data management, and gratefully acknowledge Dr. Yuri Milaneschi for his support in the statistical analyses presented in this paper. Part of the findings have been included as an abstract in the supplement to the journal European Neuropsychopharmacology as part of the European Congress of Neuropsychopharmacology workshop for Early Career Scientists (Binnewies, J., et al., P. 229, European Neuropsychopharmacology 2020, 31, supplement 1, S40). Funding Information: This work was supported by Lifebrain, funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant number 732592). The infrastructure for the NESDA study (www.nesda.nl) is funded through the Geestkracht program of the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMw, grant number 10?000?1002) and financial contributions by participating universities and mental health care organizations (VU University Medical Center, GGZ inGeest, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, GGZ Rivierduinen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Lentis, GGZ Friesland, GGZ Drenthe, Rob Giel Onderzoekscentrum). The authors would like to thank the participants of the NESDA study, and the staff involved in data collection and data management, and gratefully acknowledge Dr. Yuri Milaneschi for his support in the statistical analyses presented in this paper. Part of the findings have been included as an abstract in the supplement to the journal European Neuropsychopharmacology as part of the European Congress of Neuropsychopharmacology workshop for Early Career Scientists (Binnewies, J. et al. P. 229, European Neuropsychopharmacology 2020, 31, supplement 1, S40). The data used for this study can be requested through submitting a research proposal to the NESDA board (nesda@ggzingeest.nl). This research proposal includes a short description of the background of the research, specific research questions, methodology, and the proposed statistical analyses. Forms can be downloaded from www.nesda.nl. Funding Information: BP has received (non-related) research grants from Boehringer Ingelheim and Jansen Research. None of the other authors declare conflicts of interest. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/5/1
Y1 - 2021/5/1
N2 - Background: Depression has been associated with decreased regional grey matter volume, which might partly be explained by an unhealthier lifestyle in depressed individuals which has been ignored by most earlier studies. Also, the longitudinal nature of depression, lifestyle and brain structure associations is largely unknown. This study investigates the relationship of depression and lifestyle with brain structure cross-sectionally and longitudinally over up to 9 years. Methods: We used longitudinal structural MRI data of persons with depression and/or anxiety disorders and controls (Nunique participants = 347, Nobservations = 609). Cortical thickness of medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and hippocampal volume were derived using FreeSurfer. Using Generalized Estimating Equations, we investigated associations of depression and lifestyle (Body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and sleep duration) with brain structure and change in brain structure over 2 (n = 179) and 9 years (n = 82). Results: Depression status (B = -.053, p = .002) and severity (B = -.002, p = .002) were negatively associated with rACC thickness. mOFC thickness was negatively associated with BMI (B = -.004, p < .001) and positively with moderate alcohol consumption (B = .030, p = .009). All associations were independent of each other. No associations were observed between (change in) depression, disease burden or lifestyle factors with brain change over time. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms and diagnosis were independently associated with thinner rACC, BMI with thinner mOFC, and moderate alcohol consumption with thicker mOFC. No longitudinal associations were observed, suggesting that regional grey matter alterations are a long-term consequence or vulnerability indicator for depression but not dynamically or progressively related to depression course trajectory.
AB - Background: Depression has been associated with decreased regional grey matter volume, which might partly be explained by an unhealthier lifestyle in depressed individuals which has been ignored by most earlier studies. Also, the longitudinal nature of depression, lifestyle and brain structure associations is largely unknown. This study investigates the relationship of depression and lifestyle with brain structure cross-sectionally and longitudinally over up to 9 years. Methods: We used longitudinal structural MRI data of persons with depression and/or anxiety disorders and controls (Nunique participants = 347, Nobservations = 609). Cortical thickness of medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and hippocampal volume were derived using FreeSurfer. Using Generalized Estimating Equations, we investigated associations of depression and lifestyle (Body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and sleep duration) with brain structure and change in brain structure over 2 (n = 179) and 9 years (n = 82). Results: Depression status (B = -.053, p = .002) and severity (B = -.002, p = .002) were negatively associated with rACC thickness. mOFC thickness was negatively associated with BMI (B = -.004, p < .001) and positively with moderate alcohol consumption (B = .030, p = .009). All associations were independent of each other. No associations were observed between (change in) depression, disease burden or lifestyle factors with brain change over time. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms and diagnosis were independently associated with thinner rACC, BMI with thinner mOFC, and moderate alcohol consumption with thicker mOFC. No longitudinal associations were observed, suggesting that regional grey matter alterations are a long-term consequence or vulnerability indicator for depression but not dynamically or progressively related to depression course trajectory.
KW - Brain structure
KW - Depression
KW - Lifestyle
KW - Longitudinal
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85100788839&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117834
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117834
M3 - Article
C2 - 33549761
SN - 1053-8119
VL - 231
JO - NEUROIMAGE
JF - NEUROIMAGE
M1 - 117834
ER -