TY - JOUR
T1 - Carotid atherosclerosis in depression and anxiety
T2 - Associations for age of depression onset
AU - Seldenrijk, Adrie
AU - Van Hout, Hein P.J.
AU - Van Marwijk, Harm W.J.
AU - De Groot, Eric
AU - Gort, Johan
AU - Rustemeijer, Cees
AU - Diamant, Michaela
AU - Penninx, Brenda W.J.H.
PY - 2011/10
Y1 - 2011/10
N2 - Objective. Mental health and cardiovascular disease have been associated, whereas the temporal course and underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Our aims were to examine the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with depressive or anxiety disorder, also taking into account disorder characteristics (subtype, severity, duration, age of onset, medication). Methods. The sample included 470 depression or anxiety cases and 179 controls, aged 20-66 years, participating in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). Diagnoses were assigned using the DSM-IV based Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque information were obtained using B-mode ultrasound imaging. Results. Overall, depressive and anxiety disorders were not associated with carotid atherosclerosis. However, age of depression onset was associated with CIMT (total: 0.01mm per 10 years, P = 0.01; bifurcation: 0.02mm per 10 years, P = 0.003) and plaque presence (OR = 1.35 per 10 years, 95%CI = 1.02-1.80, P = 0.04). When compared with controls, late-onset (≥ 40 years) depressed had an increased CIMT in the atherosclerosis progression-prone bifurcation segment (0.75 vs. 0.81 mm, P = 0.004). Conclusions. These findings suggest a distinct pathophysiology of late-onset as compared with early-onset depression, including a vascular component.
AB - Objective. Mental health and cardiovascular disease have been associated, whereas the temporal course and underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Our aims were to examine the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with depressive or anxiety disorder, also taking into account disorder characteristics (subtype, severity, duration, age of onset, medication). Methods. The sample included 470 depression or anxiety cases and 179 controls, aged 20-66 years, participating in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). Diagnoses were assigned using the DSM-IV based Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque information were obtained using B-mode ultrasound imaging. Results. Overall, depressive and anxiety disorders were not associated with carotid atherosclerosis. However, age of depression onset was associated with CIMT (total: 0.01mm per 10 years, P = 0.01; bifurcation: 0.02mm per 10 years, P = 0.003) and plaque presence (OR = 1.35 per 10 years, 95%CI = 1.02-1.80, P = 0.04). When compared with controls, late-onset (≥ 40 years) depressed had an increased CIMT in the atherosclerosis progression-prone bifurcation segment (0.75 vs. 0.81 mm, P = 0.004). Conclusions. These findings suggest a distinct pathophysiology of late-onset as compared with early-onset depression, including a vascular component.
KW - Carotid atherosclerosis
KW - age of onset
KW - anxiety disorder
KW - cardiovascular physiology
KW - depressive disorder
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80054872932&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2011.583940
DO - https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2011.583940
M3 - Article
C2 - 21745125
SN - 1562-2975
VL - 12
SP - 516
EP - 527
JO - World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
JF - World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
IS - 7
ER -