Comparing the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations

S.J. Mulleners; H.G. Juncker; E.J.M. Ruhé; A. Korosi; J.B. van Goudoever; M.J. van Gils; B.J. van Keulen

doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-04455-4

Comparing the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations

S.J. Mulleners, H.G. Juncker, E.J.M. Ruhé, A. Korosi, J.B. van Goudoever, M.J. van Gils, B.J. van Keulen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

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Abstract

Human milk contains SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination. These milk antibodies decrease several months post-vaccination. Whether booster immunization restores human milk antibody levels, potentially offering prolonged passive immunity for the infant, remains unknown. In this prospective follow-up study, we investigated the longitudinal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk of 26 lactating women who received a COVID-19 booster dose of an mRNA-based vaccine. Moreover, we evaluated whether the booster-induced human milk antibody response differs for participants who received a similar or different vaccine type in their primary vaccination series. All participants (100%) who received a homologous booster vaccination showed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in their milk. Heterologous booster vaccination resulted in milk conversion for 9 (69%) and 13 (100%) participants for IgA and IgG respectively. Findings of this study indicate that both homologous and heterologous boosting schedules have the potential to enhance SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG in human milk.

Original language	English
Article number	100
Number of pages	7
Journal	Communications Biology
Volume	6
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-04455-4
Publication status	Published - 25 Jan 2023

Keywords

Antibodies, Viral
Antibody Formation
COVID-19 Vaccines
COVID-19/prevention & control
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin G
Infant
Lactation
Milk, Human
Prospective Studies
SARS-CoV-2

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title = "Comparing the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations",

abstract = "Human milk contains SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination. These milk antibodies decrease several months post-vaccination. Whether booster immunization restores human milk antibody levels, potentially offering prolonged passive immunity for the infant, remains unknown. In this prospective follow-up study, we investigated the longitudinal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk of 26 lactating women who received a COVID-19 booster dose of an mRNA-based vaccine. Moreover, we evaluated whether the booster-induced human milk antibody response differs for participants who received a similar or different vaccine type in their primary vaccination series. All participants (100%) who received a homologous booster vaccination showed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in their milk. Heterologous booster vaccination resulted in milk conversion for 9 (69%) and 13 (100%) participants for IgA and IgG respectively. Findings of this study indicate that both homologous and heterologous boosting schedules have the potential to enhance SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG in human milk.",

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author = "S.J. Mulleners and H.G. Juncker and E.J.M. Ruh{\'e} and A. Korosi and {van Goudoever}, J.B. and {van Gils}, M.J. and {van Keulen}, B.J.",

note = "Funding Information: This research was funded by Stichting Steun Emma Kinderziekenhuis. M.J.v.G. acknowledges the Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute for funding this work under the COVID-19 Grant Number (24175). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s).",

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doi = "https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-04455-4",

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AU - Mulleners, S.J.

AU - Juncker, H.G.

AU - Ruhé, E.J.M.

AU - Korosi, A.

AU - van Goudoever, J.B.

AU - van Gils, M.J.

AU - van Keulen, B.J.

N1 - Funding Information: This research was funded by Stichting Steun Emma Kinderziekenhuis. M.J.v.G. acknowledges the Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute for funding this work under the COVID-19 Grant Number (24175). Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).

PY - 2023/1/25

Y1 - 2023/1/25

N2 - Human milk contains SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination. These milk antibodies decrease several months post-vaccination. Whether booster immunization restores human milk antibody levels, potentially offering prolonged passive immunity for the infant, remains unknown. In this prospective follow-up study, we investigated the longitudinal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk of 26 lactating women who received a COVID-19 booster dose of an mRNA-based vaccine. Moreover, we evaluated whether the booster-induced human milk antibody response differs for participants who received a similar or different vaccine type in their primary vaccination series. All participants (100%) who received a homologous booster vaccination showed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in their milk. Heterologous booster vaccination resulted in milk conversion for 9 (69%) and 13 (100%) participants for IgA and IgG respectively. Findings of this study indicate that both homologous and heterologous boosting schedules have the potential to enhance SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG in human milk.

AB - Human milk contains SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination. These milk antibodies decrease several months post-vaccination. Whether booster immunization restores human milk antibody levels, potentially offering prolonged passive immunity for the infant, remains unknown. In this prospective follow-up study, we investigated the longitudinal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk of 26 lactating women who received a COVID-19 booster dose of an mRNA-based vaccine. Moreover, we evaluated whether the booster-induced human milk antibody response differs for participants who received a similar or different vaccine type in their primary vaccination series. All participants (100%) who received a homologous booster vaccination showed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in their milk. Heterologous booster vaccination resulted in milk conversion for 9 (69%) and 13 (100%) participants for IgA and IgG respectively. Findings of this study indicate that both homologous and heterologous boosting schedules have the potential to enhance SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG in human milk.

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KW - Follow-Up Studies

KW - Humans

KW - Immunoglobulin A

KW - Immunoglobulin G

KW - Infant

KW - Lactation

KW - Milk, Human

KW - Prospective Studies

KW - SARS-CoV-2

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SN - 2399-3642

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JO - Communications Biology

JF - Communications Biology

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M1 - 100

ER -

Comparing the SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody response in human milk after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations

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Keywords

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