TY - JOUR
T1 - Educational attainment does not influence brain aging
AU - Nyberg, Lars
AU - Magnussen, Fredrik
AU - Lundquist, Anders
AU - Baaré, William
AU - Bartrés-Faz, David
AU - Bertram, Lars
AU - Boraxbekk, C. J.
AU - Brandmaier, Andreas M.
AU - Drevon, Christian A.
AU - Ebmeier, Klaus
AU - Ghisletta, Paolo
AU - Henson, Richard N.
AU - Junqué, Carme
AU - Kievit, Rogier
AU - Kleemeyer, Maike
AU - Knights, Ethan
AU - Kühn, Simone
AU - Lindenberger, Ulman
AU - Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
AU - Pudas, Sara
AU - Sørensen, Øystein
AU - Vaqué-Alcázar, L. dia
AU - Walhovd, Kristine B.
AU - Fjell, Anders M.
N1 - Funding Information: Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition—European Research Council under Grant Agreements 283634 and 725025 (to A.M.F.) and 313440 (to K.B.W.), as well as the Norwegian Research Council (to A.M.F. and K.B.W.); University of Barcelona—partial support by a Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (European Regional Development Fund; RTI2018-095181-B-C21) to D.B.-F., who was also supported by an Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies Academia 2019 grant award; by the Walnuts and Healthy Aging study (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Grant NCT01634841) funded by the California Walnut Commission, Sacramento, CA; BASE-II—supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research under Grants 16SV5537/ 16SV5837/16SV5538/16SV5536K/01UW0808/01UW0706/01GL1716A/01GL1716B. S.K. has received support from the European Research Council under Grant Agreement 677804; Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience—initial funding from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, followed by support from the Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit. Part of the research was conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application 32048. Funding Information: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. This work was supported by European Union–Horizon 2020 Grant: “Healthy Minds 0–100 Years: Optimising the Use of European Brain Imaging Cohorts (‘Lifebrain’)” (Grant/Award 732592); Betula—a Scholar grant from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (to L.N.); Center for Publisher Copyright: © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/5/4
Y1 - 2021/5/4
N2 - Education has been related to various advantageous lifetime outcomes. Here, using longitudinal structural MRI data (4,422 observations), we tested the influential hypothesis that higher education translates into slower rates of brain aging. Cross-sectionally, education was modestly associated with regional cortical volume. However, despite marked mean atrophy in the cortex and hippocampus, education did not influence rates of change. The results were replicated across two independent samples. Our findings challenge the view that higher education slows brain aging.
AB - Education has been related to various advantageous lifetime outcomes. Here, using longitudinal structural MRI data (4,422 observations), we tested the influential hypothesis that higher education translates into slower rates of brain aging. Cross-sectionally, education was modestly associated with regional cortical volume. However, despite marked mean atrophy in the cortex and hippocampus, education did not influence rates of change. The results were replicated across two independent samples. Our findings challenge the view that higher education slows brain aging.
KW - Aging
KW - Cerebral cortex
KW - Education
KW - Hippocampus
KW - Reserve
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105651544&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101644118
DO - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101644118
M3 - Article
C2 - 33903255
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 118
JO - PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
JF - PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
IS - 18
M1 - 2101644118
ER -