Prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis in the general population based on sinus radiology and symptomatology

Background: The prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) measured in epidemiologic studies is 5% to 12%. This might be an overestimation because of overlap with other diseases, such as allergic rhinitis. Objective: We aimed to calculate the prevalence of CRS using a combination of epidemiologically based CRS according to the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) together with sinonasal opacification on imaging. Methods: Subjects who underwent a computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging scan of the head for any nonrhinologic indication were asked to fill in the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network survey containing EPOS symptom criteria. The scans were evaluated according to the Lund-Mackay (LM) scoring system. Epidemiologically based CRS is based on nasal symptoms according to EPOS; clinically based CRS also encompasses endoscopy and/or CT scanning. Results: Eight hundred thirty-four subjects were included. One hundred seven (12.8%) had epidemiologically based CRS according to EPOS. Of these subjects, 50% had an LM score of 0, 26% had an LM score of 1 to 3, and 23% had an LM score of 4 or greater. Twenty-five (3.0%) subjects had clinically based CRS (based on LM score ≥4), and 53 (6.4%) subjects had clinically based CRS (based on LM score >0). Allergic rhinitis was reported by 167 (20%) subjects. In subjects who did not report upper airway symptoms, 57% had an LM score of 0, 30% had an LM score of 1 to 3, and 12% had an LM score of 4 or greater. Conclusion: We found a prevalence of 3.0% to 6.4% of clinically based CRS (depending on an LM cutoff point; ie, LM ≥ 4 or LM > 0, respectively) in a relatively randomly selected group of subjects.