TY - JOUR
T1 - The classic pathways of thyroid hormone metabolism
AU - van der Spek, Anne H.
AU - Fliers, Eric
AU - Boelen, Anita
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - Thyroid hormones (TH) are crucial for growth and development and play an important role in energy homeostasis. Although serum TH levels are relatively constant in the physiological state, TH bioavailability at the tissue and cellular level is dependent on local TH metabolism. Circulating TH produced by the thyroid can be metabolized by a number of different pathways resulting in 1) activation of TH 2) deactivation of TH or 3) excretion of TH and subsequent metabolites. These pathways play an essential role in determining local TH levels and action. The major classical pathways of TH metabolism are deiodination, sulfation, glucuronidation, and ether-link cleavage. This review provides an overview of these pathways, their relative contributions to TH levels in the serum and in various organs and the changes in these pathways elicited by fasting and illness. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
AB - Thyroid hormones (TH) are crucial for growth and development and play an important role in energy homeostasis. Although serum TH levels are relatively constant in the physiological state, TH bioavailability at the tissue and cellular level is dependent on local TH metabolism. Circulating TH produced by the thyroid can be metabolized by a number of different pathways resulting in 1) activation of TH 2) deactivation of TH or 3) excretion of TH and subsequent metabolites. These pathways play an essential role in determining local TH levels and action. The major classical pathways of TH metabolism are deiodination, sulfation, glucuronidation, and ether-link cleavage. This review provides an overview of these pathways, their relative contributions to TH levels in the serum and in various organs and the changes in these pathways elicited by fasting and illness. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.025
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.025
M3 - Article
C2 - 28109953
SN - 0303-7207
VL - 458
SP - 29
EP - 38
JO - Molecular and cellular endocrinology
JF - Molecular and cellular endocrinology
IS - C
ER -