@inbook{f7ae393cd7ae44feb66b42ae3d639361,
title = "Invasive and Non-invasive Neurostimulation for OCD",
abstract = "It becomes increasingly clear that (non-)invasive neurostimulation is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In this chapter we review the available evidence on techniques and targets, clinical results including a meta-analysis, mechanisms of action, and animal research. We focus on deep brain stimulation (DBS), but also cover non-invasive neurostimulation including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Data shows that most DBS studies target the ventral capsule/ventral striatum (VC/VS), with an overall 76% response rate in treatment-refractory OCD. Also TMS holds clinical promise. Increased insight in the normalizing effects of neurostimulation on cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) loops – through neuroimaging and animal research – provides novel opportunities to further optimize treatment strategies. Advancing clinical implementation of neurostimulation techniques is essential to ameliorate the lives of the many treatment-refractory OCD patients.",
keywords = "Deep brain stimulation, Neuromodulation, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Treatment outcome, Working mechanisms",
author = "Bergfeld, {Isidoor O.} and Eva Dijkstra and Ilse Graat and {de Koning}, Pelle and {van den Boom}, {Bastijn J. G.} and Tara Arbab and Nienke Vulink and Damiaan Denys and Ingo Willuhn and Mocking, {Roel J. T.}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.",
year = "2021",
doi = "https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2020_206",
language = "English",
volume = "49",
series = "Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences",
publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH",
pages = "399--436",
booktitle = "Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences",
address = "Germany",
}