TY - JOUR
T1 - Microbleeds are associated with depressive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease
AU - Leeuwis, Anna E.
AU - Prins, Niels D.
AU - Hooghiemstra, Astrid M.
AU - Benedictus, Marije R.
AU - Scheltens, Philip
AU - Barkhof, Frederik
AU - van der Flier, Wiesje M.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Introduction Co-occurrence of cerebrovascular disease and depression led to the “vascular depression hypothesis”. White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) have been associated with depressive symptoms in population-based studies. We studied the association between small vessel disease and depressive symptoms in a memory clinic population. Methods We included >2000 patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Magnetic resonance imaging was rated for WMHs, lacunes, and microbleeds. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale. We performed logistic regression analysis. Results Depressive symptoms were present in AD: 17%; mild cognitive impairment: 25%; and SCD: 23%. SCD patients with WMHs showed higher propensity of depressive symptoms than AD patients with WMHs. AD patients with microbleeds were more likely to have depressive symptoms compared with AD patients without microbleeds (odds ratio = 1.70; 95% confidence interval: 1.08–2.68). Discussion Microbleeds are associated with depressive symptoms in AD, supporting a potential role of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the occurrence of depressive symptoms in AD.
AB - Introduction Co-occurrence of cerebrovascular disease and depression led to the “vascular depression hypothesis”. White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) have been associated with depressive symptoms in population-based studies. We studied the association between small vessel disease and depressive symptoms in a memory clinic population. Methods We included >2000 patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Magnetic resonance imaging was rated for WMHs, lacunes, and microbleeds. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale. We performed logistic regression analysis. Results Depressive symptoms were present in AD: 17%; mild cognitive impairment: 25%; and SCD: 23%. SCD patients with WMHs showed higher propensity of depressive symptoms than AD patients with WMHs. AD patients with microbleeds were more likely to have depressive symptoms compared with AD patients without microbleeds (odds ratio = 1.70; 95% confidence interval: 1.08–2.68). Discussion Microbleeds are associated with depressive symptoms in AD, supporting a potential role of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the occurrence of depressive symptoms in AD.
KW - Alzheimer's disease
KW - Depressive symptoms
KW - Lacunes
KW - Microbleeds
KW - Small vessel disease
KW - White matter hyperintensities
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85039170476&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadm.2017.11.006
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadm.2017.11.006
M3 - Article
C2 - 29780860
SN - 2352-8729
VL - 10
SP - 112
EP - 120
JO - Alzheimer's and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring
JF - Alzheimer's and Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring
ER -